Carbohydrates water

Roasted and ground coffee is packed into columns and percolated by the passage of hot water under pressure at about 340°F. The use of pressurized boiling water not only brings about the dissolution of the most readily water-soluble coffee extractables, it also causes the solubilization and possibly the hydrolysis of complex carbohydrates. Water-soluble compounds of a smaller molecular weight are produced. The extent of possible... 

Levine, H., Slade, L. Principles of cryostabilisation technology from structure/property relationship of carbohydrate/water system-A Review. Cryo-Letters 9, p. 21-63, 1988. Published by Cryo-Letters, 7, Wootton Way, Cambridge. CB3 9LX, U. K. 

Slade, L. and Levine, H. 1988. Non-equilibrium behavior of small carbohydrate-water systems. Pure App. Chem. 60, 1841-1864. 

Many different kinds of milk and milk products are available (USDA 1978 NDC 1976,1983A, 1983B). Milk has two major components fat, including fat-soluble vitamins, and milk-solids-not-fat (MSNF), which contain protein, carbohydrate, water-soluble vitamins, and minerals. The specific nutrient contribution of each of these milk products is related largely to the concentrations of milk fat and MSNF of the product. If the percentages of milk fat and MSNF are known, the values in Table 7.2 may be used to determine the nutrient contribution of a particular milk product. 

Roebuck, B., Goldblith, S. and Westphal, W. 1972. Dielectric properties of carbohydrate-water mixtures at microwave frequencies. Journal of Food Science. 37 199-204. 

The enterocytic membrane consists of lipids and proteins, apart from carbohydrates, water, and a number of chelated calcium and magnesium... 

Levine, H., and Slade, L. (1988). Principles of cryostabilization technology from structure/ property relationships of carbohydrate/water systems—a review. Cryo-Lett. 9 21-63. 

Pope et al. (1991) applied chemical-shift-selective imaging at microscopic resolution of various plant materials, including dried and undried fruits of fennel, to the study of selective imaging of aromatics and carbohydrates, water and oil. The non-invasive nature of the method gives it advantages over established methods of plant histochemistry, which involve sectioning and staining to reveal different chemical constituents. 

The weight-fraction ratio carbohydrates/water was 15/85 in the beginning of all experiments. In the systems containing 2-propanol, experiments have been carried out filling the autoclaves... 

Slade, L. and Levine, H. (1991b). A food polymer science approach to structure-property relationship in aqueous food systems Nonequilibrium behavior of carbohydrate-water systems. In H. Levine and L. Slade (Eds.), Water Relationships in Food. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 29-101. 

H. Levine and L. Slade, Thermomechanical properties of small-carbohydrate-water glasses and rubbers kinetically meta.stable systems at sub-zero temperatures. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. I 4.-2619-2633 (1988). 

Menting, L. C. Hoogstad, B. Thijssen, H. A. C. Diffusion coefficients of water and organic volatiles in carbohydrate-water systems. Journal of Food Technology 5. (2), 111-26 (1970)... 

Roberts, C.J. and Debenedetti, P.G. Structure and dynamics in concentrated, amorphous carbohydrate-water systems by molecular dynamics simulation, /. Phys. Chem. B, 103, 7308,1999. 

Sugars. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method described by Hunt et al. (8) was used to determine the sugars in the kiwifruit and nectars with some modifications (21). A Waters Association Chromatograph equipped with a Model 6000-A solvent delivery system, a Model R401 refractometer detector, a D6K universal injector column was a 30 cm x 4 mm i.d. stainless steel tube packed with u-bondapak-carbohydrate (Waters Associates). The precolumn was packed with CO-PELL PAC (Whatman). The eluent was acetonitril and distilled water (85/15, v/v). 

Derbyshire et used a series of mathematical functions has been used to fit the proton free-induction decays of concentrated carbohydrate-water samples. For the solid protons, these functions included a sine function, as well as the Fourier transforms of single and multiple Pake functions multiplied by a Gaussian broadening. The NMR signal from the mobile protons is described by an exponential function. It is found that in most cases the sine function gives a satisfactory result and provides valuable information about the second moment... 

The tendency of the amphiphilic molecules to assemble at the polymer chain depends on various factors. The water-soluble polymer may wrap around the micellar surface and screen unfavorable carbohydrate-water contacts. Also, electrostatic interaction between the amphiphiles and the polymer affects aggregation. In special cases, in particular when the polymer main chain carries not-too-short apolar side chains, these side chains may penetrate into the apolar micellar core. Then, it is not unlikely that micelles link two or more polymer chains thereby forming a network. This manifests itself by a dramatic increase in the viscosity of the system. 

The oldest form of rubber is natural rubber. The basic elastomer of natural rubber is taken from the latex of the rubber tree (Hevea brasUiensis, Euphorbiacea family). Latex consists of carbohydrates, water, fatty acids, proteins and stearines. The complex composition of latex varies significantly with origin, seasrni, etc. This variation in composition is the main disadvantage when using this material in pharmaceutical products. 

Carbohydrate-water mixtures as solvents for organic reactions... 

The study was extended to dienes grafted on other sugars with the goal of investigating carbohydrate-water interactions. Thus, dienes having various glucidic moieties were prepared and used in aqueous Diels-Alder reactions with MVK, and all rate constants and thermodynamic data were measured either in pure water or in water-methanol mixtures (Table 5). 

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