Carbohydrate polymers, compositional analysis

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In polymer applications derivatives of oils and fats, such as epoxides, polyols and dimerizations products based on unsaturated fatty acids, are used as plastic additives or components for composites or polymers like polyamides and polyurethanes. In the lubricant sector oleochemically-based fatty acid esters have proved to be powerful alternatives to conventional mineral oil products. For home and personal care applications a wide range of products, such as surfactants, emulsifiers, emollients and waxes, based on vegetable oil derivatives has provided extraordinary performance benefits to the end-customer. Selected products, such as the anionic surfactant fatty alcohol sulfate have been investigated thoroughly with regard to their environmental impact compared with petrochemical based products by life-cycle analysis. Other product examples include carbohydrate-based surfactants as well as oleochemical based emulsifiers, waxes and emollients. 

Applications Notwithstanding the limitations, there are a limited number of specific applications in which flow-cell LC-FTIR can be quite useful to obtain specific quantitative and structural information in a convenient manner. The application area of flow-cell FTIR is limited to samples with relatively high analyte concentrations, as is the case in, for instance, the analysis of carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids in wines and sugars in soft drinks. SEC, as used for the separation of synthetic polymers, is also well suited to be coupled with FTIR by flow cells. Polymer samples are often available in large quantities and low detection limits are usually not required. In addition, the separation process in SEC is essentially independent of the choice of eluent, provided the sample is fully soluble and no analytestationary phase interactions take place. Consequently, IR-favorable eluents can be selected. Therefore, SEC-flow-cell-FTTR is a valuable tool for the rapid, selective, and quantitative analysis of the chemical composition of polymers as a function of their hydrodynamic volume. 

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