Polymers, green

Green polymer, 31 Grignard reagents, 467, 484 Grubbs-type carbenes, 433 Grubbs-type catalysts, 438... 

Large amounts of agricultural waste products, such as corn cobs, are continuously provided in several developing countries. Xylan is considered to be a green polymer that may play an essential role in the renewability of waste products due to its biodegradable and biocompatible nature. Furthermore, as shown in this chapter, xylan presents particular properties that allow a wide range of applications. 

C Zhang, S Hoger, K Pakbaz, F Wudl, and AJ Heeger, Improved efficiency in green polymer light-emitting diodes with air-stable electrodes, J. Electron. Mater., 23 453 458, 1994. 

Q. Xu, J. Quyang, Y. Yang, T. Ito, and J. Kido, Ultrahigh efficiency green polymer light emitting diodes by nanoscale interface modification, Appl. Phys. Lett., 83 4695-4697 (2003). 

Flatakeyama, T. and Flatakeyama, FI. 2005. Thermal Properties of Green Polymers and Biocomposites. Springer, New York. 

Kobayashi S, Makino A (2009) Enzymatic polymer synthesis an opportunity for green polymer chemistry. Chem Rev 109 5288-5353... 

In the recent years, new markets have arisen for biodegradable polymers such as poly(butylene adipate-terephthalate), poly(lactide), poly(butylenesuccinate), or poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and poly(carbonates). They constitute a new class of green polymers with wide application potential for packaging, clothing, carpets, applications in automotive engineering, foils, and utilities in agriculture. 

Yuguchi Y, Mimura M, Urakawa H (1997) Proc Int Workshop on Green Polymers -Reevaluation of Natural Polymers, Indonesia, pp 306-329... 

Green polymer synthesis—environmentally benign methods for preparing polymers (Section 30.8)... 

Green polymer synthesis using starting materials derived from renewable resources (rather than petroleum) is discussed in Section 30.8. 

Problem 22.34 Polylactic add (PLA) has received much recent attention because the lactic acid monomer [CH3CH(0H)C00H] from which it is made can be obtained from carbohydrates rather than petroleum. This makes PLA a more environmentally friendly polyester. (A more in-depth discussion of green polymer synthesis is presented in Section 30.8.) Draw the structure of PLA. 

To date, green polymer synthesis has been approached in a variety of ways ... 

Synthetic polymers are arguably the most important materials made by chemists and used in modem society. Chapter 30 Synthetic Polymers expands on the foundations of polymers discussed in earlier Chapters 15 and 22. Of significance is emphasis on the environmental impact of polymer synthesis and use, discussed in sections on Green Polymer Synthesis (30.8), Polymer Recycling and Disposal (Section 30.9A), and Biodegradable Polymers (Section 30.9B). 

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