Carbohydrate-based cancer vaccine

Ragupathi G, Coltart DM, Williams LJ, Koide J, Kagan E, Allen J, Harris C, Glunz PW, Livingston PO, Danishefsky SJ. On the power of chemical synthesis immunological evaluation of models for multiantigenic evaluation of models for multiantigenic carbohydrate-based cancer vaccines. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002 99 13699-13704. 

Novel therapeutics for cancer Carbohydrate-based cancer vaccine... 

Koganty, R.R., Reddish, M.A., and Fongenecker, B.M. (1996) Glycopeptide- and carbohydrate-based synthetic vaccines for the immunotherapy of cancer. Drug Disco. Today, 1, 190-198. 

Strategies for augmenting the T-cell response in carbohydrate/ glycopeptide-based cancer vaccines... 

The pharmaceutical impact of carbohydrate-based therapeutics can also be seen in the agents now under evaluation in pre-clini-cal and clinical development. For example, synthetic carbohydrate chains, modeled on tumor cell antigens but modified to stimulate an immune response, are being used to develop novel cancer vaccines. 

Cancer. The development of carbohydrate-based vaccines designed to activate T-cells targeting of cancer cells has been pursued for some time. The goal of a cancer vaccine is to make the host immune system responsive to antigens characteristic of cancer cells. Several carbohydrate-based therapeutics that have now reached clinical trials seek to estab-... 

Fully protected tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen Globo-H (50), a potential breast and prostate cancer vaccine [54, 55], was assembled by automated solid support synthesis using oct-4-ene-l,8-diol linker 49 and building blocks 51-56 (Scheme 20.15). The linker is stable to acid and base but is cleaved cleanly by olefin metathesis [56]. The octenediol linker performs best on Merrifield s PS resin, affording routinely loadings in a range of 0.1-0.3 mmol g 1. 

Cells express unique carbohydrate structures upon carcinogenic transformation. Therefore, carbohydrate-based antigens offer the potential for a targeted immuno-therapeutic approach to the treatment of certain forms of cancer. Although carbohydrate cancer vaccines have been shown to be safe and to mediate con lement-dependent and/or antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, only a limited number of carbohydrate structures have been evaluated in preclinical and clinical settings. ... 

Figure 5. A novel cancer therapy by carbohydrate-based vaccine.

Therapeutic glycoprotein hormone gonadotropins and anti-cancer multivalent constructs are documented in Chapters 22 and 23, respectively, while the field of carbohydrate-based vaccines is covered in the next three chapters, focusing on anti-cancer vaccines (Chapters 24 and 25), and antibacterial and antifungal vaccines (Chapter 26). 

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