Carbamates with acetic anhydride

Figure 2 Proposed Pathway for Reaction of Octylamine Carbamate with Acetic Anhydride...

The Curtms rearrangement has been used to prepare 5-aminothiazole (11) (60.61), 4-methyl-5-aminothiazole. 2-chloro-5-aminothiazole (58), and 2.4-dimethyl-5-aminothiazole (62) (Scheme 11). Heating the corresponding azides yield carbamates that resist hydrolysis but react with acetic anhydride to give the 5-acetylaminothiazoles. 

Pd(Ph3P)4 and Bu3SnH convert the Alloc group to other amine derivatives when electrophiles such as (B0C)20, AcCl, TsCl, or succinic anhydride are added. Hydrolysis of the stannyl carbamate with acetic acid gives the free amine. 

The absolute stereochemistry of broussonetine L (8) was determined by the combination of the benzoate chirality method and the Mosher s method [35-37]. A carbamate (8a) was prepared from broussonetine F (4) by reaction with phenyl chloroformate in tetrahydrofuran-H20 (7 3), and a diacetate (8b) was prepared from 8a with acetic anhydride in pyridine. Finally, a dibenzoate (8c) was obtained by benzoylation of 8b. The CD curve of 8c showed a negative Cotton effect (Ae237 -30.9) and a positive effect (Ae223 +15.9) to confirm a counter-clockwise chirality between two benzoyl groups, Fig. (3) [20]. 

In another reaction sequence, compound 193 was prepared by periodate cleavage of 2-deoxy-2-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-3,4-0-isopropyli-dene-D-glucitol or 2-amino-2-deoxy-3,4-0-isopropylidene-D-glu-citol 1,2-carbamate (see Section II, 5 p. 147). Hydrolysis of the 4-acetamido-4-deoxy-1,2-0-isopropylidene-L-xylopyranose resulting (several steps), or of the N-acetyl derivative formed on treatment of 4-amino-4-deoxy-l,2-0-isopropylidene-L-xylopyranose with acetic anhydride in water, leads to the crystalline pyranose form 193. It is noteworthy that free 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-xylose, which, in alkaline solution, consists of the equilibrium mixture 101a 103a (see... 

Meprobamate is very stable as a solid. Meprobamate is stable in dilute acid and dilute alkali and is not broken down in gastric or intestinal fluid. It is recognized that heating solutions of meprobamate in strong acid will cause hydrolysis of the material26. it has been proposed that during treatment of meprobamate with alkaline alcohol the sodium salt of carbamic acid 7 is formed, which may undergo a dehydration to form a cyanate o. The amino moieties of the carbamate can form its diacetyl derivative with acetic anhydride, 27, and will condense with aldehydes. ... 

Pd-catalyzed reaction of the diallyl dicarbamate of hydrazine 486 with BubShH in the absence of a proton source, produced the tin carbamate, which was converted to free hydrazine 487 by protonation, and to the amide 488 by treatment with acetic anhydride. Transprotection from allyl carbamate 486 to the amide 488 was carried out in this way [188],... 

Acylation. Reaction conditions employed to acylate an aminophenol (using acetic anhydride in alkaU or pyridine, acetyl chloride and pyridine in toluene, or ketene in ethanol) usually lead to involvement of the amino function. If an excess of reagent is used, however, especially with 2-aminophenol, 0,A/-diacylated products are formed. Aminophenol carboxylates (0-acylated aminophenols) normally are prepared by the reduction of the corresponding nitrophenyl carboxylates, which is of particular importance with the 4-aminophenol derivatives. A migration of the acyl group from the O to the N position is known to occur for some 2- and 4-aminophenol acylated products. Whereas ethyl 4-aminophenyl carbonate is relatively stable in dilute acid, the 2-derivative has been shown to rearrange slowly to give ethyl 2-hydroxyphenyl carbamate [35580-89-3] (26). 

Other useful dehydrating agents are dimethylaminosulfur trifluoride (DAST), methyl A -(triethylammoniosulfonyl)carbamate (Burgess salt), acetic anhydride, oxalyl chloride, and phosphorous oxychloride, each one in combination with triethylamine (89). Dehydration of O-sUylated hydroxamic acids using trifluoro-methanesulfonic anhydride and triethylamine under mild conditions also gave nitrile oxides, which in the presence of olefins led to the formation of 2-isoxazolines in moderate to good yields (90). In view of the less readily available starting materials, this method probably will be of limited use. 

At ambient temperature, the reaction of metal N,N-dialkylcarbamates with acyl halides, R C(0)C1, or acetic anhydride, yields a carbamic-carboxylic mixed anhydride (Equation 6.4) which, on occasion, may undergo decarboxylation and convert into the corresponding amide R2NC(0)R [2]. 

The cyclohexene 121, which was readily accessible from the Diels-Alder reaction of methyl hexa-3,5-dienoate and 3,4-methylenedioxy-(3-nitrostyrene (108), served as the starting point for another formal total synthesis of ( )-lycorine (1) (Scheme 11) (113). In the event dissolving metal reduction of 121 with zinc followed by reduction of the intermediate cyclic hydroxamic acid with lithium diethoxyaluminum hydride provided the secondary amine 122. Transformation of 122 to the tetracyclic lactam 123 was achieved by sequential treatment with ethyl chloroformate and Bischler-Napieralski cyclization of the resulting carbamate with phosphorus oxychloride. Since attempts to effect cleanly the direct allylic oxidation of 123 to provide an intermediate suitable for subsequent elaboration to ( )-lycorine (1) were unsuccessful, a stepwise protocol was devised. Namely, addition of phenylselenyl bromide to 123 in acetic acid followed by hydrolysis of the intermediate acetates gave a mixture of two hydroxy se-lenides. Oxidative elimination of phenylselenous acid from the minor product afforded the allylic alcohol 124, whereas the major hydroxy selenide was resistant to oxidation and elimination. When 124 was treated with a small amount of acetic anhydride and sulfuric acid in acetic acid, the main product was the rearranged acetate 67, which had been previously converted to ( )-lycorine (108). 

Aliphatic and alicyclic carbamates are nitrated smoothly and in excellent yields by a nitric acid-acetic anhydride mixture (4). Similarity, we have found that treating an acyl aliphatic amine and a urethane with one equivalent of nitronium tetrafluoroborate in acetonitrile at —30° C. gave the corresponding N-nitro derivatives in good to excellent yields. However, diacylamines are more difficult to nitrate, and Kauffman and Burger (9) have reported that nitrating succinimide required 13 hours... 

Even though formic anhydride is not a stable compound (see p. 723), amines can be formylated with the mixed anhydride of acetic and formic acids (HCOO-COMe) or with a mixture of formic acid and acetic anhydride. Acetamides are not formed with these reagents. Secondary amines can be acylated in the presence of a primary amine by conversion to their salts and addition of 18-crown-6. The crown ether complexes the primary ammonium salt, preventing its acylation, while the secondary ammonium salts, which do not fit easily into the cavity, are free to be acylated. Dimethyl carbonate can be used to prepare methyl carbamates in a related procedure. A-Acetylsulfonamides were prepared from acetic anhydride and a primary sulfonamide, catalyzed by Montmorillonite KlO-FeO or sulfuric acid. "... 

These reactions are generally similar to those shown by the saturated dioxastan-nolanes. The stannolenes are less readily hydrolysed than the stannolanes, and the conjugation of the unshared electrons on oxygen in the dioxastannolenes appears to render them less nucleophilic. Thus 2,2-dibutyl-3,4-diphenyl-l,3,2-dioxastannolene does not react with organic isocyanates, whereas the stannolanes do react to give carbamates. Acetyl chloride reacts to give the cis-diacetate, but acetic anhydride gives mainly the trans-diester. 

Cyclopropanols can be converted to various cyclopropyloxy derivatives (esters, e.g. acetates, ethers, e.g. methyl and ethyl ethers, and acetals, e.g. tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy derivatives) under the appropriate reaction conditions. In most cases the synthesis of cyclopropyl esters by the reaction between a cyclopropanol and an acid chloride (e.g. formation of 1 ) or acetic anhydride (e.g. formation of 2 ) have been reported. The yields were particularly good (84-95%) when acetic anhydride was used, although a drawback of the reaction can be byproduct formation. When a reactive moiety is attached to the cyclopropane ring in addition to the hydroxy group, other reactions can also occur m-l-(aminomethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-3-(2-methylprop-l-enyl)cyclopropanol (3) reacted with phosgene in benzene to give the corresponding carbamate l,l-dimethyl-2-(2-methylprop-l-enyl)-4-oxa-6-azaspiro[2.4]heptan-5-one (4) in 31% yield. ... 

The preferred bases include triethylamine, amidines, and guanidines. Dehydration of the carbamate has been done with phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus oxytrichloride, phosphorus pentoxide, acetic anhydride, benzenesulfonic acid anhydride, o-sulfobenzoic anhydride (2.14), or other similar compounds. 

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