From acetic anhydride

It may be converted into dibromofluorescein diacetate as follows. Reflux a mixture of 10 g. of dibromofluorescein, 40 ml. of redistilled acetic anhydride and 1 drop of concentrated sulphuric acid for 1 hour, pour into water, filter, wash, and dry the resulting diacetate (95 per cent, yield) has m.p. 210°. Upon recrystallisation from acetic anhydride or nitrobenzene, the pure diacetate (colourless or pale yellow plates), m.p. 211°, is obtained. Hydrolysis with alcoholic sulphuric acid gives a quantitative yield of pure dibromofluorescein, m.p. 285°. 

ANALGESICS,ANTIPYRETICS,ANDANTIINFLAL 4ATORY AGENTS] (Vol 2) -from acetic anhydride [ACETIC ACID AND DERIVATIVES - ANHYDRIDE] (Vol 1)... 

Therapeutics. Compounds containing the furan or tetrahydrofuran ring are biologically active and are present in a number of pharmaceutical products. Eurfurjdamine [617-89-0] is an intermediate in the diuretic, furosemide. Tetrahydrofurfurylamine [4795-29-3] may also have pharmaceutical applications. 5-(E)imethyiaininomethyi)furfuryi alcohol [15433-79-17 is an intermediate in the preparation of ranitidine, which is used for treating ulcers. 2-Acet5dfuran [1192-62-7] prepared from acetic anhydride and furan is an intermediate in the synthesis of cefuroxime, a penicillin derivative. 2-Euroic acid is prepared by the oxidation of furfural. Both furoic acid [88-14-2] and furoyl chloride [527-69-5] are used as pharmaceutical intermediates. 

Unsaturated aldehydes undergo a similar reaction in the presence of strongly acid ion-exchange resins to produce alkenyUdene diacetates. Thus acrolein [107-02-8] or methacrolein [78-85-3] react with equimolar amounts of anhydride at —10°C to give high yields of the -diacetates from acetic anhydride, useful for soap fragrances. 

Crocetin is a dicarboxyUc acid that forms brick red rhombs from acetic anhydride that melt with decomposition at about 285°C. It is very sparingly soluble in water and most organic solvents but soluble in pyridine and similar organic bases as well as in dilute sodium hydroxide. 

Diphenic anhydride [6050-13-1] M 466.3, m 217 . After removing free acid by extraction with cold aq Na2C03, the residue has been crystd from acetic anhydride and dried at 100 . Acetic anhydride also converts the acid to the anhydride. 

Naphthalic anhydride [81-84-5] M 198.2, m 274°. Extracted with cold aqueous Na2C03 to remove free acid, then crystd from acetic anhydride. 

The selectivity is probably impaired by bromination at C-2 and C-9. Bromination under buffered conditions of the A -enol acetate prepared from acetic anhydride with perchloric acid catalysis may give better results. See also ref. 55 for a similar bromination. 

The A-monoacetyl derivative is formed from acetic anhydride and pyridine at 100° higher temperatures give the 7V,A-diacetyl compound which does not react with peracid. In either case, there is a complete shift of the double bond from C-20(22) to C-17(20), with no evidence for any C-20(21) olefin. 

II, C,Praill and Whitear obtained a crystalline perchlorate from acetic anhydride and perchloric acid on standing it proved to possess structure 218 and to undergo isomerization to 219 under the influence of water. The same products can be obtained on acetylating dehydroaeetic acid. 

For best results the commercial triethylamine (Matheson, b.p. 89-90°) should be purified to remove primary and secondary amines and water, either by distillation from acetic anhydride and then from barium oxide, or by reaction with phenyliso-cyanate.5 2 3 4... 

The most successful example of generating chemicals directly from coal is the Tennessee Eastman integrated process for producing acetic anhydride. The commercial plant gasifies approximately 900 tons of coal per day and performs four chemical steps to yield annually 500 million pounds of acetic anhydride, 390 million pounds of methyl acetate, and 365 million pounds of methanol. In addition, 150 million pounds per year of acetic acid may be produced from acetic anhydride. 

Amino-2,6-dimethylpyrimidine has been prepared by heating the reaction product obtained from acetic anhydride and acetamidine 1 by treating 4-chloro-2,6-dimethylpyrimidine with ammonia 2 and by heating acetonitrile either with sodium ethox-ide in a sealed tube3 or with sodium.4 6... 

Furazan compound 278 was obtained as a by-product from cholestan-3-one oxime 277 by prolonged heating in an acetic anhydride-pyridine mixture followed by treating with acetyl nitrate prepared from acetic anhydride and nitric acid (Equation 53) <1997T16161>. 

Monomers. BTDA and APA were obtained from Gulf Chemicals. BTDA was recrystallized from acetic anhydride prior to use, and APA was distilled under reduced pressure. Diamines la-d were prepared from 1-fluoro-4-nitrobenzene and the appropriate glycol according to the known procedure (4). 

The dehydrating properties of an acid anhydride can be used to produce another acid anhydride. This is an equilibrium process. By heating the mixture, the more volatile acid vaporizes to shift the equilibrium toward the products. Acetic acid, from acetic anhydride, is useful because it s more volatile than most other carboxylic acids. Figure 12-18 illustrates this reaction. 

Starting from acetic anhydride, according to Equation 7, vinyl acetate can be obtained via ethylidene diacetate (22). 

There are two process alternatives here. The acetaldehyde can be produced in excess acetic anhydride so EDA formation can occur in situ, similar to the work reported by Fenton (26). Alternatively, acetaldehyde can be isolated from acetic anhydride reduction and reacted with the anhydride in a separate step to form the desired EDA. 

Table IV shows the reactivities of raw materials and products on a nickel-activated carbon catalyst and the effect of hydrogen on the reactions. When carbon monoxide and hydrogen were introduced into the catalyst, no product was formed. Thus, the hydrogenation of CO does not proceed at all. When methyl iodide was added to the above-mentioned feed, 43% of the methyl iodide was converted to methane. In the presence of methyl iodide small amounts of methane, methanol, and acetic acid were formed from methyl acetate, while small amounts of methane and acetic acid were also formed from acetic anhydride. Hydrogen fed with methyl acetate accelerated the formation of methane and acetic acid remarkably.

Applying the method to double-labeling studies used acetyl peroxide prepared from acetic anhydride with a high level of labeling (3.57 atom % excess 180). A sample of this peroxide was recovered after heating at 80°C. for 8700 sec. The oxygen derived from this peroxide showed a... 

Assumptions Synthesis of phenylpyruvic acid Batch synthesis process for precursors overal yield of 95+% of theoretical to pheny Ihydantoin overall yield of 90+% of theoretical from phenylhydantoin to phenylpyruvic acid recovery and recycle of acetic acid no byproduct crec taken for acetic acid formed from acetic anhydride addition. Conversion of phenylpyruvic acid and aspartic acid. Bioreactor productivity of-18 g PHE/L/h (four columns in parallel) 98% overall conversion no byproduct credit taken for pymvic acid (recovery cost assumed to be of by revenue from sale) 80% recovery of L-PHE downstream of bioreactor. 

Ethyl Peroxyacetate, CH8C0-00-C2H6, mw 104.11, oil Believed to have been prepd from acetic anhydride and a dilute soln of ethylhydroperoxide (Ref 2) but not further examined... 

A kind of enolic component we haven t mentioned yet is the acid anhydride. If you wanted to make the enolate anion from acetic anhydride, what base would you recommend ... 

Sulfoacctic acid, HOjSCH2COOH (1). The acid is prepared in situ from acetic anhydride and cone, sulfuric acid. 

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