Cancer environmentally related

Ghosh R, Chakraborty S, Chatterjee M. 1995. Epidemiology of cancer in relation to environmental selenium status in different districts of West Bengal, India [Abstract], Anticancer Res 15(5A) 1654. 

Dennis Avery estimates that less than 3% of all cancer deaths are caused by all the combined forms of environmental contamination and pollution. Both Avery and Bast and coauthors cite work by Dr. Robert Scheuplein of the FDA who specifically looked at the incidence of pesticide-induced cancer in relation to the total amount of cancer attributed to food. At the most, pesticides could account for 0.01% of food-related cancers, a topic we will address extensively in the next chapter. Many authors cite similar conclusions based on an often-quoted landmark epidemiological study on the causes of cancer, done by Doll and Peto in 1981 and published as the book The Carnes of Cancer. The authors studied cancer deaths in our country from the 1930s to the late 1970s, the precise period when the risk of pesticide-induced cancer would have been expected to peak as chemicals such as DDT were in heavy use during this period prior to the influence of Silent Spring. They concluded that 98-99% of can-... 

In genoal, the increasing environmental distress in Lithuania has led to an alarming situation in public health. In many of the larger Lithuanian towns and cities severe environmentally related toxic effects have been observed, such as increased cancer incidence in central Lithuania in the area of Mazheikiai oil refinery, and acute and chronic leukemia in children. (The latter pathology may also be relate to the effects of the... 

Chemiluminescence has been studied extensively (2) for several reasons (/) chemiexcitation relates to fundamental molecular interactions and transformations and its study provides access to basic elements of reaction mechanisms and molecular properties (2) efficient chemiluminescence can provide an emergency or portable light source (J) chemiluminescence provides means to detect and measure trace elements and pollutants for environmental control, or clinically important substances (eg, metaboHtes, specific proteins, cancer markers, hormones, DNA) and (4) classification of the hioluminescent relationship between different organisms defines their biological relationship and pattern of evolution. 

Phagocyte-derived ROMs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of pulmonary diseases, including emphysema, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and various environmental diseases such as asbestos-related fibrosis and cancer (Mossman and Marsh, 1985). The relatively high oxygen tension in pulmonary tissue renders the lung prone to oxidative stress (Edwards and Lloyd, 1988). 

Cancer occurs when the growth and function of cells are out of control in relation to normal tissue. The combination of genetic alterations and environmental toxins is the most frequent contributor to the process of carcinogenesis. In the development of skin cancer, the risk factors are categorized as environmental (solar UV radiation), genetic (family history), immunosuppression, and previous history of melanoma.10... 

There has been some concern that the recently observed decline in sperm quality may be related to exposure to environmental estrogens (Sharpe and Skakkebaek, 1993) and at the same time there has been speculation that these estrogenic compounds may exert inhibitory effects against prostate cancer (Kurzer, 2002). Theoretically, exposure to high levels of dietary estrogens could alter the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in men, but dietary studies to date have not shown such an hormonal effects. 

Zierler S, Feingold L, Danley RA, et al. 1988. Bladder cancer in Massachusetts related to chlorinated chloraminated drinking water A case control study. Archives of Environmental Health 43(2) 195-200. 

The nose is usually the first site of contact in the respiratory tract for many airborne chemicals of environmental and occupational concern. Examples of human nasal effects include loss of olfactory function (e.g., anosmia and hyposmia), atrophy of the nasal mucosa, mucosal ulcers, perforated nasal septum, or sinonasal cancer related to exposure to certain metal dusts and vapors (Sunderman 2001). 

Bromate has been classified as a human carcinogen by both the I/VRC (International Agency for the Research on Cancer) and the USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) and is known to be toxic to fish and other aquatic life [11, 12]. Bromate could be produced in aquatic systems upon the oxidation of aqueous bromide. Controlled ozonation has been considered as an effective disinfectant tool in aquatic systems [13] but when sea water is subjected to ozonation, oxy-bromide ozonation by-products (OBP) are produced and these are important both in terms of their disinfection ability and also in relation to their potential toxicity. When seawater is oxidized, aqueous bromide (Br-) is initially converted to hypobro-mite (OBr ) which can then either be reduced back to bromide or oxidized further to bromate (Br03-) which is known to be toxic to fish and other aquatic life and classified as a human carcinogen. There has been thus a considerable interest in bromate analysis so that trace analysis of bromate in water has received considerable attention in recent years. 

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