Lighting portable

Towards the end of WWD, in 1945, some very light portable throwers were developed, which were "one-shot types intended to be discarded after use (Ref 6)... 

Calcium carbide provides a fairly safe and easy-to-handle source of ethyne. Before the advent of battery-operated lights, portable lamps such as those used on bicycles, carnages, and miner s helmets were fueled by this material. Water was slowly dropped onto solid calcium carbide, and the ethyne that was generated was burned. This reaction is still used as a source of acetylene for welding torches. 

For determining SO2 in the atmosphere, the last type of an analyzer according Novak is to be recommended. Due to its simplicity, it is constructed in a light portable form. The accuracy is for 0.3 ppm SO2 5%, the minimum measurable amount is 0.005 ppm SO2. The automatisation is so satisfactory, that the analyzer can be used for several months without any maintenance. 

The PEMFC system has seen such an important development in the last ten years that it would be impossible to describe in few lines the extent of its application. The transport area is surely the most challenging. After fluctuating periods, serious advances have been made on the cost and efficiency levels. Daimler is announcing a well-planned market entry for a fuel cell vehicle in 2014. US and Japanese developers are also ready. Already there are several buses fleet in many European, American and Asian cities. Light portable applications have their niche markets and numerous PEMFC units are already in use for residential applications, most particularly in Japan. In Canada, the first commercial benefits from PEMFC systems have been registered in the three last years. Moreover, the intense research activity on membranes and the opportunities offered by higher operating temperatures and relatively low humidity open an important field of development. 

Not all stressors allow for this approach to sampling. The sampling equipmerrt must be robirst, light, portable and not interfere unduly with the workers activities. 

Oceanographic exploration Commercial sub-mersibles, underwater seabed surface mining devices, underwater lighting portable cameras, buoys. 

Portable hand-held direct reading Rockwell testers have been developed and are in use, as are numerous C clamp configurations, all intended for field or shop use. The newest computerized digital readout Rockwell tester provides the ultimate in portabiUty at the cost of some loss of sensitivity due to the very light loads used. 

Fig. 7. Fluorescence polarization (FP). (a) The formation of the large FITC—protein A—IgG complex which leads to a net increase in plane polarized light transmitted from the solution. Molecular weights of the protein A-FITC, IgG, and complex are ca 43,000, 150,000, and 343,000, respectively, (b) Detection of IgG by fluorescence polarization immunoassay using A, a laboratory fluorimeter where (O) represents AP = change in polarization, and B, a portable detection unit where (D) is —fiV = change in voltage (27). The field detector proved to be more sensitive than the fluorimeter.

Chemiluminescence has been studied extensively (2) for several reasons (/) chemiexcitation relates to fundamental molecular interactions and transformations and its study provides access to basic elements of reaction mechanisms and molecular properties (2) efficient chemiluminescence can provide an emergency or portable light source (J) chemiluminescence provides means to detect and measure trace elements and pollutants for environmental control, or clinically important substances (eg, metaboHtes, specific proteins, cancer markers, hormones, DNA) and (4) classification of the hioluminescent relationship between different organisms defines their biological relationship and pattern of evolution. 

A transmissometer is similar to a telephotometer except that the target is a known light source. If we know the characteristics of the source, the average extinction coefficient over the path of the beam may be calculated. Transmissometers are not very portable in terms of looking at a scene from several directions. They are also very sensitive to atmospheric turbulence, which limits the length of the light beam. 

Portability Tubes can easily be used in remote areas. They are light in weight and easily carried in hard-to-reach areas. 

All portable lamps in Division 1 areas must be explosion-proof. Figures 17-19, 17-20, and 17-21 show typical explosion-proof lighting fixtures. 

NEC allows the use of portable cord connecting portable lighting equipment and other portable utilization equipment with the fixed portion of its supply circuit in Class 1, Division J and 2 areas, provided ... 

Secondaiy batteries consist of a series of electrochemical cells. The most popular types are the lead-acid type used for starting, lighting, and electrical systems in motor vehicles and the small rechargeable batteries used in laptops, camcorders, digital phones, and portable electronic appliances. 

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