Camphor Japan

Common camphor—Japan camphor—Laurel camphor—CamphcHc aldehyde—Camph[Pg.185]

Common camphor—Japan camphor—Laurel camphor—Cam-pholic aldehyde—Camphora (U. S., Br.)—CioHicO—153.—Three modifications are known, which seem to differ from each other only in their action upon polarized light (1.) Dextro camphor= Camphora obtained trova. Lauruscamphora—[ ]o=... 

Synonyms 2-Bornanone Bornan-2-one 2-Camphanone Camphora Cinnamomum camphora Formosa camphor Gum camphor Japan camphor 2-Keto-1,7,7-trimethylnorcamphane Laurel camphor Matricaria camphor 2-Oxobornane 1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo (2.2.1)-2-heptanone 1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-one 1,7,7-Trimethylnorcamphor Ciassification Aliphatic cyclohexyl compd. 

Jaguar gum. See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Japan agar. SeeAgar Japan camphor. Camphor Japan isinglass. SooAgar... 

Formosa camphor Gum camphor Japan camphor 2-Keto-1,7,7-trimethylnorcamphane Laurel camphor... 

Synonyms 1,7, 7-Trimethylbicylo[2.2.1 ]heptan-2-one 2-bornanone boman-2-one 2-cemphanone gum camphor Japan and Formosa camphor laurel Trade names. Panalgesic Liniment, Paso Hemorrhoid Ointment, Pemomol... 

Camphor Manufacture. Camphor is obtained both naturally and synthetically. Natural camphor is obtained from the wood of the camphor tree, Cinnamormum camphora which grows ia China and Japan. The camphor is isolated by combination of steam distillation, filtration, distillation, and sublimation (169). Natural camphor is the (+)-camphor, whereas synthetic camphor is racemic both products are recognized by the USP. In 1995, the price of synthetic camphor was 7.15/kg (45). In 1992—1993, the total production of synthetic camphor ia India was 3800 t, which is estimated to be about 40% of the world consumption (170). The largest single use (80%) of camphor is for religious purposes ia Asian countries. 

Boeluinger Ingelheim (Germany) Camphor Allied Products (India) Daicel Chemical Industries (Japan) Degussa-Huls (Geiinany)... 

Camphor, Cj HjgO, occurs in the wood of the camphor tree Laurus camphora) as dextro-camphor. This is the ordinary camphor of commerce, known as Japan camphor, whilst the less common laevo-camphor is found in the oil of Matricaria parthenium. Camphor can also be obtained by the oxidation of borneol or isoborneol with nitric acid. Camphor may be prepared from turpentine in numerous ways, and there are many patents existing for its artificial preparation. Artificial camphor, however, does not appear to be able to compete commercially with the natural product. Amongst the methods may be enumerated the following —... 

Japan-kampher, m. Japan camphor, -lack, m. Japan lacqijer, Japan varnish, -leder, n. japanned leather, patent leather, -leim, m. agar-agar. -papier, n. rice paper Japan paper, -saure,/. japonic acid. -Schwarz, n. 

Synonyms AI3-18783 Alphanon 2-Bornanone DL-Bornan-2-one BRN 1907611 BRN 3196099 2-Camphanone DL-Camphor Camphor-natural Camphor-synthetic Caswell No. 155 EINECS 200-945-0 EINECS 207-355-2 EINECS 244-350-4 EPA pesticide chemical code 015602 Formosa camphor Gum camphor Iphanon Japan camphor 2-Keto-l,7,7-trimethyl-norcamphane Laurel camphor Matricaria camphor Norcamphor 2-Oxobornane Root bark oil Sarna Spirit of camphor Synthetic camphor l,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one 1,7,7-Trimethylnorcamphor UN 2717. 

Camphor oil is obtained by steam distillation of the wood of the camphor tree Cinnamomum camphora Sieb. (Lauraceae) growing in China, Taiwan, and Japan. The main constituent of the crude oil is camphor (ca. 50%), which can be separated by crystallization on cooling and subsequent centrifugation. Fractionation of the mother liquor gives two oils ... 

Can be obtained by distilling chips from, the camphor tree(Cinamonum camphora), native of Formosa, China, Japan, Malaya, Archipelago Brazil and now cultivated in Florida and California can be prepd synthetically by one of the methods described in Refs 1, 5, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13)... 

Cinnamomum eamphora (Linne) Nees et Ebermaier, family Lauraceae. The plant grows well in Japan, China, Formosa, India, Burma and Malaysia. Camphor also occurs in certain species of Artemisia, (Compositae) chrysanthemum (compositae), Salvia (Labiatae), Ocimum (Labiatae), Lavander (Labiatae), Pinus (Pinaceae). It is also present in Rosemarinus officinalis (Labiatae), Aristolochia indica (Aristolochi-aceae), Blumea balsamifera (Camphreaceae), Prunella vulgaris Labiatae), Cinnamomum ganduliferum (Lauraceae) etc (38-55) ... 

The production of camphor was started much earlier, probably at the end of 13th century. In the middle of the 15th century, numerous camphor industries were established in China, Japan and Formosa. Any how the major production of camphor was obtained from Japan and Formosa. The production of camphor from the natural source is well summarised belbw ... 

Another official method described by the pharmacopeia of Japan IX (153) for the assay of camphor is as follows ... 

FORMOSA CAMPHOR GUM CAMPHOR HUILE de CAMPHRE (FRENCH) JAPAN CAMPHOR KAMPFER (GERMAN) 2-KETO-l,7,7-TRIMETHYLNORCAMPH-ANE LAUREL CAMPHOR xMATRICARIA CAMPHOR... 

The most important of all of the oxygen derivatives of the terpene hydrocarbons are those of the di-cyclic group. Of these the most common is the well-known substance camphor, also termed Japan camphor. It is a ketone derivative of a di-cyclic terpene of the cam-phane type known as Bomylene. The corresponding alcohol derivative is known as Bomeol, or Borneo camphor. 

In 1907 about 4,30x5,000 kilos of camphor were produced in Japan and Formosa where the industry is a state monopoly. New planta-. tions of trees are planted each year, some 5,000,000 being set out in 1909. 

Over in China, Thailand, Japan, etc. grows the camphor tree. They chop up the bark, leaves and whatever. They then steam distill the stuff to get a crude camphor extract. When this extract cools, a motherlode of white camphor (the actual chemical compound called camphor) crystals form. These crystals are separated by fdtration and represent about 50% of the crude extract. The other 50% that doesn t crystallize is what is termed as camphor oil. It is this oil that is the camphor oil of commerce. This crude oil is also what is technically called the essential oil of camphor. ... 

There are lots of varieties of camphor trees whose safrole contents can skyrocket above that of the common Cinnamomum camphora. Many are from Taiwan and Japan. Names to look for include ... 

Camphor.—A solid concrete substance, X auncs camphxyr or Indian laurel tree, which grows in the East Indies, China and Japan. Soluble in alcohol, ether, oil and acetic add. 

JAPAN CAMPHOR (76-22-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 155°F/66°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, chromic anhydride, potassium permanganate. Incompatible with chlorates, naphthalene, 2-naphthol, dichlorobenzene. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 

Kiku OIL Obtained by distillation From leaves and flowers of Chrysanthemum indicum L., Compasitae. Produced in Japan Perrier, Buff. Soc. Chim. France [3] 23, 216 (1900). Constil. f-Camphene, camphor carvone, xantho-phyll. coumarin, angelic acid esters. 

Camphor (KAM-for) is also known as gum camphor 2-camphanone i,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.i]heptan-2-one and i,7,7-trimethylhicyclo[2-2-i]-2-heptanone, among others. It is a volatile white waxy substance with a strong, characteristic odor and a hitter, cooling taste. Its odor has been described as fragrant, aromatic, pungent, or penetrating, similar to that of mothballs. The compound is obtained from the camphor tree, Cinnamomum camphora, which is native to many parts of the world, including the Indonesian islands of Java and Sumatra, as well as China, Taiwan, Japan, and Brazil. 

Camphor, CioHieO, sometimes called Japan camphor or laurinol, is obtained by distilling with steam the wood or leaves of the camphor tree it melts at 176°-177°, boils at 209 , and is dextro-rotatory. The chemical properties of camphor are those of a ketone it forms an oxime with hydroxylamine, its oxygen atom is replaced by two chlorine atoms when it is treated with phosphorus pentachloride, and it is converted by reducing agents into borneol, which is a secondary alcohol. By the loss of water camphor passes into cymene (453), and by... 

Camphor, known as Japan camphor, is the main constituent of the camphor tree, but also occurs in other plant families, e.g. in the leaves of rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis and sage Salvia officinalis (Labiatae). It gives off the typical cam-... 

There is evidence that menthol was known in Japan for more than 2000 years. However, the Japanese camphor was isolated in pure form only in 1771 by the Heidelberg-born chemist and physician, Hieronymus David Gaubius (1705-1780). The first studies on its characterisation and structure determination were published by Oppenheim, Beckett, Moriya and Atkinson in the years 1862-1882. [Ill]... 

---