Extract camphor

Camphor sublimes at 205 C. What is this temperature in F Can you suggest a way of extracting camphor from the leaves and wood of the camphor tree ... 

Pine Oil. This oil is obtained by extraction and fractionation or by steam distillation of the wood of Pinuspalustris Mill, and other species. Most of the oil is produced ia the southeastern United States. The composition of the oil depends on the fractions chosen, but the chief constituents are terpene alcohols, mainly terpiaeol. Piae oil finds use as a germicide ia disiafectants and soaps as an ingredient ia iasecticides, deodorants, poHshes, sweepiag compounds, and catde sprays and as raw material for the manufacture of perfumery-grade terpiaeol [8000-41 -7], anethole [104-46-1], fenchone (137), and camphor (35). 

No camphor was separated ou cooling to - lCj , hul froui No. 3 as the result of Iractionatlon about fl per cent, of camphor was extracted, and au appreciable amount of safrol. From tbe other oUs no camphor could he obtained and do safrol was detected. 

First, the effects of aerobic and anaerobic culture conditions on toxaphene degradation were studied with washed P. putida cells grown on camphor and incubated with no readily usable carbon source. The radioactivities remaining in water after extraction with n-hexane were used as an indicator of metabolic activity. This was further extracted with ethyl acetate after acidification to divide this "total polar metabolites" fraction into aqueous buffer phase and ethyl acetate phase, i.e., the total polar metabolites reported refer to summation of the aqueous buffer and ethyl acetate soluble phases (Table 4). All radioactivities have been corrected by zero time controls and autoclaved 8 hr controls are included in each experiment. 

The best billiard balls were made from elephant tusks, which are beautiful and have good bounce. Ivory was also used for combs, buttons, collar stays for shirts, cigarette holders, chess pieces, and many other ornamental articles. Ivory is obtained by hunting and killing elephants to extract their teeth, which is especially valuable from old and mature males. The extinction of elephants was avoided when John Wesley invented celluloid by combining nitrocellulose with camphor. 

The nitrate is transformed into the bromide, and this is then treated with active silver bromo-camphor sulphonate. A dark green solution is formed, and a difficultly soluble bromo-camphor sulphonate mixed with silver salt. This mixture is extracted with hot water and the solution so obtained fractionally crystallised. The resolution is tedious and the yield is not good. 

Triethylenediamino - rhodium Iodide, [Rh en3]I3. H20, is obtained by rubbing the 1-camphor nitronate to a thin paste with water and solid sodium iodide. The iodide so formed is extracted with water and then recrystallised. It crystallises in small glistening cubes, and has rotation of [a]o—50°, [M]i>—336-5°. 

Carbon disulphide is an excellent solvent for fats and resins, - it is employed technically for the extraction of vegetable fats and oils and for removing fats from wool. It dissolves rubber, camphor and other organic substances, as well as iodine, sulphur, phosphorus and aluminium bromide.7... 

Besides carbon and glue various other constituents have been quoted as being incorporated by this or that inkmaker, some of them for obscure reasons. Franke (4) states that up to 1100 are known they include perfumes like camphor and musk, dyes (evidently to improve the appearance in some way), plant extracts, and other materials, some of which may have improved the colloidal behavior of the system. 

The ether is distilled from the combined extracts and the crude triethyl carbinol is dried with 10 g. of anhydrous potassium carbonate. The alcohol is then distilled at atmospheric pressure, and the portion (80-90 g.) boiling at 139-1420 is collected. The low-boiling distillate is treated with 5 g. of anhydrous potassium carbonate, filtered and redistilled, whereby another portion (about 25 g.) of triethyl carbinol boiling at 139-1420 is obtained. The process is repeated once, or twice if necessary, and an additional 20 g. is collected (Note 5). The total yield is 125-135 g. (82-88 per cent of the theoretical amount) (Note 6). Triethyl carbinol is a viscous liquid with a penetrating, camphor-like odor. 

The odor of a freshly crushed mint leaf, like many plant odors, is due to the presence in the plant of volatile C10 and Ci5 compounds, which are called terpenes. Isolation of these substances from the various parts of plants, even from the wood in some cases, by steam distillation or ether extraction gives what are known as essential oils. These are widely used in perfumery, as food flavorings and medicines, and as solvents. Among the typical essential oils are those obtained from cloves, roses, lavender, citronella, eucalyptus, peppermint, camphor, sandalwood, cedar, and turpentine. Such substances are of interest to us here because, as was pointed out by Wallach in 1887 and reemphasized by Ruzicka in 1935, the components of the essential oils can be regarded as derived from isoprene ... 

Self-Test 8.13B When 200 mg of linalool, a fragrant compound extracted from Ceylon cinnamon oil, was added to 100 g of camphor, it lowered the freezing point of camphor by 0.51°C. What is the molar mass of linalool ... 

Linimentum Belladonnae Belladonna liniment, has a camphor, dissolved in fluid extract of belladonna root... 

Tho reaction is allowed to moderate after each iddition of 4 or 5 gms. of the formate, and tho flask is shaken occasionally. Abont half an hour is taken to add all the formate, and the mixture is then allowed to stand for two hours, by the end of which time most of the sodium will have dissolved and the mixture will be semi-fluid and brown. After standing another four hours to allow the sodium salt to separate, the whole is poured into 200 c.c. of iced water. The yellow aqueous layer is extracted twico with ether to remove any camphor or borneol in it, and finally air is blown through it to remove all ether. The aqueous solution is then treated with ice-cold acetic acid (30 per cent.) until the deposition of oil ceases, and after an honr, when the oil has solidified, it is filtered and dried. Yield, abont 20 gms. imp., 70°—76° ... 

Despite the relatively low percentage content of extractives (Table II), they very often influence wood properties and thus play a role in utilization. Advantages accrue from the presence of colored and volatile extractives which provide esthetic values. Some of the phenolic compounds provide resistance to insect and fungal attack. Other extractives provide useful products. From tall oil, products such as turpentine, rosin and fatty acids are produced. In addition, tannins, camphor, gum arabic, natural rubber and flavonoids are some of the many products from extractives. 

Unfortunately, it was not possible to analyze for the presence of DPA, EC, MC, camphor, and phthalates in the extracts from the 186 items as they were destroyed in a terrorist explosion at the laboratory prior to GC/MS analysis. 

Carbon dioxide (C02) extraction of oils from dried whole plants produced linalool, camphor, y-terpinene and oc-terpinene (Reis Machado et al., 1993). 

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