Burning open disposal

Open burning/open detonation (OB/OD) has been the traditional method of disposing of unstable munitions, including chemical munitions, but OB/OD is no longer considered acceptable for NSCWM by regulators except in emergencies. The Army has been exploring an alternative to OB/OD called the tent-and-foam system, which provides for partially contained detonation of unstable munitions. 

The most common current disposal practices for non-recyclable agricultural plastics waste are burying in the soil (mulching films), burning, or disposing of it in open fields or landfills [13]. All of these practices have serious negative consequences for the environment, and for the health of farmers and consumers, and impact on the quality and market value of agricultural produce. 

Vents, Drains, Gauge, or Sample Port Failures—Small diameter piping or valves may be opened or fail which releases vapors or Hquids to the environment unexpectedly (e.g., level gauge sight glass breaks). Normal Operational Releases—Process storage or sewer vents, rehef valve outlets, tank seals, flare, and burn pit disposal systems, which are considered normal and accepted releases to the atmosphere. 

More than 90% of municipal solid waste is directly disposed of on land, the vast majority of it in an unsatisfactory manner. Open and burning dumps are common in many developing countries these contribute to water and air pollution and provide food and breeding grounds for birds, rats, insects, and other carriers of disease. The presence of these dumps often reduces the property value of nearby land and residences. 

Sanitary landfilling is an acceptable and recommended method for ultimately disposing of solid wastes. This method has sometimes been confused with waste disposal on open and burning dump sites, but this is a misconception. The sanitary landfill is an engineered landfill that requires sound and detailed planning and specification, careful construction, and efficient operation. In essence,... 

Laboratory Safety From a laboratory safety standpoint, both open and closed systems have mechanisms for the disposal of hazardous wastes, thus reducing the technician s exposure to potentially toxic materials. Performing HIAR online (closed system) as opposed to off-line mechanisms (microwave ovens or steamers) removes the possibility of being burned while handling hot containers or boiling liquids. 

Waste Disposal Method Open pit burning or burying of VX or items containing or contaminated with VX in any quantity is prohibited. The detoxified VX(using procedures above) can be thermally destroyed by in a EPA approved incinerator according to appropriate provisions of Federal, State, or local Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations. 

WASTE DISPOSAL METHOD Open pit burning or burying of GA or items containing GA is prohibited. 

The contamination of the environment by explosives, especially by nitroesters and nitroaromatics (NACs), is a worldwide environmental problem since enormous amounts of these compounds were produced during World War I and II. Most contaminated sites are located at ammunition factories and other places where these compounds were handled. This involved open detonation and burning of explosives at army depots, evaluation facilities, artillery ranges, and ordnance disposal sites (Rodgers and Bunce, 2001). 

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