Bronchial definition

It is called vomiting gas and has been used extensively by the military as a chemical warfare agent. Four ppm is sufficient to render a man unfit for action, and 20 ppm when breathed from 1 to 2 min causes definite bronchial or pulmonary lesions(Ref 5). See also CWA PS under Chemical, Biological and Radiological Agents... 

This section is devoted to chemical mixtures that are respiratory irritants. Irritants do not induce immunochemical responses, and irritation in non-sensitized individuals generally leads to slower, less serious respiratory responses and usually requires higher doses of toxicants to produce symptoms than in sensitized people. Irritant-induced inflammation responses (e.g., bronchial hyperactivity) can be severe and prolonged but, by definition, do not result in sensitization of those so exposed. Mixtures of lipo-philes and hydrophiles induce irritant respiratory system responses at concentration levels that are below those for the single chemicals. This phenomenon is well demonstrated by exposures in sick buildings. ... 

The particular types of the cancer disease induced by different asbestos species are given in Table 9.10. The table shows that besides the most frequent cancer types, such as bronchial cancer, mesotheliomas of the pleura and peritoneum, it is also possible to observe gastrointestinal tumours and tumours of the larynx, pancreas and lymphatic nodes (lymphomas). The relation between these diseases and asbestos has still not been definitely established [57]. 

In Ippen s (1978) case of contact eczema, the epicutaneous test, with isoniazid as substance or as pulverized tablets (from several manufacturers), showed in all instances definite eczema reactions which exceeded the test areas and required local treatment with corticosteroids. Wang and Schmeo (1974) report the case of a patient with occupational allergy to isoniazid. Beside the allergic reaction of the immediate type (asthma bronchiale) there was a latent sensitization of the delayed reaction type (eczema reaction). This latent sensitization was manifested in a circumscribed area by the epicutaneous test. Reexposure to the allergen led to an asthmatic spasm of the bronchi and to recrudescence of the eczematous cutaneous efflorescences when it was inhaled. 

A study published quite some time ago reviewed the soil-cancer relationship for gastric, esophageal, urinary, breast, bone, and bronchial cancers as well as pleural mesothelioma. In addition to general factors, the study considered trace elements including selenium, cesium, and rubidium potassium and natural radioactivity. Although some correlations between soil constituents and cancer have been observed, the cause and effect relationship between soil characteristics and occurrence of cancer could not be proved definitively. 

By definition, asthma is a recurrent reversible obstruction of the airways accompanied by bronchial hyperreactivity and inflammation. It may be triggered by exogenous or endogenous stimuli. Asthma has increased during the last decades, maiifly in industrialized countries and, in epidemiological studies, is strongly... 

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