Body weight dose calculation

If patient is overweight, use ideal body weight to calculate cornstarch dose... 

The acute toxicity of MSG is low (31) the oral LD q for humans, calculated on the basis of doses a dministered in different ways to various animals, would represent a single dose greater than 1 kg for a person weighing 70 kg. In contrast, the oral LD q for sodium chloride in rats is 3.75 g/kg body weight (32). 

The inhalation RfD is derived from the NOAEL by applying uncertainty factors similar to those listed above for oral RfDs. A UF of 10 is used when e.Ktrapolating from animals to humans in addition to the calculation of the human equivalent dose, to account for interspecific variability in sensitivity to the to. icant. The resulting RfD value for inhalation c. posure is generally reported as a concentration in air in mg/m for continuous, 24 hour/day c. posurc, although it may be reported as a corresponding inhaled intake (in mg/kg-day). A human body weight of 70 kg and an inhalation rate of 20 nv /day are used to convert between an inhaled intake e.xprcsscd in units of mg/kg-day and a concentration in air e. pressed in mg/m. ... 

Yes, 0.18 mg/kg/day was calculated by multiplying the dietary level of 3 ppm (3 mg endosulfan/kg diet) by food factors of 0.067 and 0.06 kg food/kg body weight/day for males and females, respectively, derived from food consumption and body weight data provided in the study. The female food factor (0.06 kg food/kg body weight/day) was used because this yielded the most conservative dose estimate. 

LD50 The calculated dose of chemical (mg per kg body weight) causing death in 50% of test population. (The species of animal, route of administration, any vehicle used to dissolve or suspend the material, and the time period of exposure should be reported.)... 

When determining the dose of bicarbonate replacement, the goal for therapy is to achieve a normal serum bicarbonate level of 24 mEq/L (24 mmol/L). The dose is usually determined by calculating the base deficit [0.5 L/kg X (body weight)] x [(normal C02) - (measured C02)]. Because of the risk of volume overload resulting from the sodium load administered with bicarbonate replacement, the total base deficit should be administered over several days. Once the goal serum bicarbonate level is attained, a maintenance dose of bicarbonate is necessary and should be titrated to maintain serum bicarbonate levels. 

Mallard ducks fed up to 10,000 ppm diisopropyl methylphosphonate in feed for up to 24 weeks showed no significant effects on blood hemoglobin levels, leukocyte count, and hematocrit (Aulerich et al. 1979). Doses could not be calculated in mg/kg/day because food intake and body weights were not measured in this study. 

The doses of diisopropyl methylphosphonate that the dogs received in the diet (150, 1,500, and 3,000 ppm) were calculated using the recommended reference value of 0.025 kg food/kg body weight/day as follows ... 

More traditional approaches have calculated exposure doses from a particular medium via a specific route (ATSDR, 1992). Such exposure doses can then be compared with a reference value derived for the same substance via the same route of exposure. Usual assumptions are ingestion rates of 100 mg dust/day and 200 mg soil/day, child body weight of 15 kg, and continuous exposure scenarios. This approach assumes a threshold for the effects of lead and does not reflect the fullest possible use of the wealth of human data on PbB levels. 

No modern studies of the human pharmacokinetics of LSD have been done, largely because human experimentation has virtually stopped. An older study that used a spectrofluorometric technique for measuring plasma concentrations of LSD was done in humans given doses of 2 Mg/kg i.v. After equilibration had occurred in about 30 min, the plasma level was between 6 and 7 ng/ml. Subsequently, plasma levels gradually fell until only a small amount of LSD was present after 8 hr. The half-life of the drug in humans was calculated to be 175 min (2). Subsequent pharmacokinetic analysis of these data indicated that plasma concentrations of LSD were explained by a two-compartment open model. Performance scores were highly correlated with concentration in the tissue (outer) compartment, which was calculated at 11.5% of body weight. The new estimation of half-life for loss of LSD from plasma, based on this model, was 103 min (47). 

Most drugs are designed for oral or parenteral administration in which the dose is calculated in terms of drug weight in milligrams (mg) divided by the body weight in kilograms (kg) ... 

The doses of oral liquids may, sometimes, be calculated on the basis of body weight. This type of problem can also be solved by the method of proportion. 

The adjustment of dose and dosing regimen for children and the elderly needs a special consideration because of several differences as compared to an adult individual. The differences may be due to many factors which include changes in pharmacokinetic parameters, age, body weight, surface area, and genetic predisposition. The present chapter provides some basic explanation about their differences and the dosage calculations because of these differences. 

The dose modifications based on body surface area provide a better approximation of dose than the dose based on body weight. The general equation to calculate the child s dose by the surface area method is as follows ... 

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