Bleach, disinfectant

Most of the chlorine produced is used in the manufacture of chlorinated compounds for sanitation, pulp bleaching, disinfectants, and textile processing. Further use is in the manufacture of chlorates, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and in the extraction of bromine. 

In addition to being the most widely used disinfectant for water treatment, chlorine is extensively used in a variety of products, including paper products, dyestuffs, textiles, petroleum products, pharmaceuticals, antiseptics, insecticides, foodstuffs, solvents, paints, and other consumer products. Most chlorine produced is used in the manufacture of chlorinated compounds for sanitation, pulp bleaching, disinfectants, and textile processing. It is also used in the manufacture of chlorates, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride and in the extraction of bromine. Among other past uses, chlorine served as a war gas during World War I. 

A powerful oxidizer. Incompatible with combustible materials, ammonium salts, nitrogenous materials. Used to chlorinate swimming pools and in cleaning, bleaching, disinfecting, sanitizing. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Cr, NOx, and Na20. 

Sodium hypochlorite is used in household laundry bleach, disinfectant and cleaning products, toilet sanitizers, deodorizers, for water purification, and as antiseptics. Regular household laundry bleaches are 5.25% sodium hypochlorite in water with an adjusted pH of 10.8-11.4. Ultra formulations are slightly more concentrated and contain 6-8% sodium hypochlorite. Commercial laundry bleaches contain 15% sodium hypochlorite at a pH slightly over 11. 

The name and symbol were created by Humphrey Davy (1778-1829) in 1810. He named the gas after the color, from the Greek chloros, meaning greenish yellow. Chlorine was discovered in 1774 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1742-1786). Chlorine does not exist in elemental form in nature, but, because of its reactive nature, it is found in many compounds, particular chloride salts such as NaCl (table salt). Chlorine is one of the most important industrial chemicals. It has many uses, including water purification, bleaching, disinfectant, paints, and textile production. In the form of hydrochloric acid, it is one of the most important industrial chemicals. It was also used as a toxic war gas, particularly in World War I it is fatal if inhaled in low concentration, but, because of its distinctive odor and color, it was replaced by other chemical weapons that were less detectable. 

Attack All [Kao], TM for a laundry detergent containing bleach, disinfectant, deodorizer, and... 

Use Source of water-free hydrogen peroxide, bleaching disinfectant, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, blueprint developer, modification of starches. 

Products and Uses A commonly used bleach, disinfectant, and drain cleaner. Also used for swimming pool disinfectant, laundry bleaches, water purification, and germicide. 

Products and Uses Frequently used in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals as a bleaching disinfectant. Precautions An irritant. 

Sodium hypochlorite solution NaOCl(a ) Laundry bleach, disinfection... 

Background CMorine (CI2) is a greenish-yellow, toxic gas with a strong odor that irritates the respiratory system. It is used in chemical manufacturing, bleaching, disinfection, and for purifying water and... 

From Chlorine Gas to Bleach Generated On-Site The Center for American Progress (CAP) study found a dozen facilities that now treat water by generating bleach disinfectant on-site. This practice eliminates bulk storage and transportation of hazardous chemicals. The process uses salt, water, and electricity to produce a dilute bleach solution. Survey respondents noted that this dilute solution is even safer than the stronger bleach that many utilities receive by truck or rail. 

It will be appreciated that poly(vinyl alcohol) has an unusual combination of properties. In particular, it has much greater tensile strength than is normally associated with water-soluble materials at the same time it has outstanding chemical resistance. This combination results in a wide variety of applications. Thus poly(vinyl alcohol) film is used for water-soluble packages for materials such as bath salts, bleaches, disinfectants and insecticides film is also employed as a release agent in the production of reinforced plastics. Poly(vinyl alcohol) may be spun into fibres (which are insolubilized by treatment with formaldehyde), which have been developed particularly in Japan. Aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol) solutions are used in the formulation of adhesives, paper treatments and textile sizes. 

As noted by some patent authors [7], the basic aqueous solution of alkali metal hypochlorite has the viscosity of water and it has been suggested that the efficiency of such solutions may be increased by making them more viscous so that they adhere longer to inclined surfaces and do not drain away before performing their bleaching/disinfection function. Bleaches for toilet bowl disinfection are derived from that observation. 

---