Biotechnology and food industry

1 Fluidized bed dryer Minimization of product color deterioration and unit cost of final product. No-preference method Application is a dehydration plant for sliced potato. Pareto-optimal solutions were found from the single objective contours. Krokida and Kiranoudis (2000) 

2 Industrial cyclone separator Two problems maximization of overall collection efficiency while minimizing (a) pressure drop and (b) cost. NSGA Pareto-optimal solutions of the two problems are similar although their ranges are different Ravi et al. (2000) 

3 Parameter estimation for a fermentation process Two or four objectives, each of which corresponds to sum of squares of errors in a batch or fed-batch experiment. Hybrid differential evolution (HDE) Weighted min-max method was used to scalarize the problem, which was then solved by HDE. Wang and Sheu (2000) 

4 Process alternatives for hydrogen cyanide production Maximization of economic benefit and minimization of environmental inq)act. A preference-based approach Hoffmann et al. (2001) considered total annualized profit per service unit (TAPPS) and material intensity per service (MIPS) as economic and environmental indicator respectively, while Hoffmann et al. (2004) considered Eco-indicator 99 (E199) for environmental objective as well as uncertainty in model parameters. Hoffmann et al. (2001) 

7 Heat exchanger network Simultaneous minimization of both the total annual cost and the composite environmental index. Analytic hierarchy process Chen et al. (2002) smdied only one case, whereas Wen and Shonnard (2003) smdied three cases with different stream data. Chen et al (2002) Wen and Shonnard (2003) 

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The need of modern science to achieve a sustainable future development has been shown in many circumstances in society. Finding strategies less harmful to the environment has been a quest for research in several areas, such as pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and food industries. With that purpose, the increase in research and development of more applications of xylan and its derivatives has shown the versatility of this biopolymer, thus helping the search for sustainable alternatives. 

The determination of glucose is not only a frequently performed routine analysis in clinical chemistry but also in biotechnology and food industry. 

Table 2.2 MOO Applications in Biotechnology and Food industry (Continued)... 

Table 1. Biotechnology companies associated to the pharmaceutical and food industries...

Newman M.G. (2002). Antibiotic resistance is a reality novel techniques for overcoming antibiotic resistance when using new growth promoters . Nutritional Biotechnology in the Feed and Food Industries. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham. 

McNamara, S.M. (1989) FDA regulation of food substances produced by new techniques of biotechnology. In Biotechnology challenges for the flavour and food industry, edited by R.C.Lindsay and B.J. Willis, pp. 65-86. Elsevier. 

DNA biosensors based on GEC meet the demands of genetic analysis, especially in food, biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries, while also generating new possibilities for the development of DNA biosensors that are sensitive, robust, low cost and easily produced. 

Slaugh, B. 2002. Nutrition-specific eggs an even more perfect food. In Nutritional Biotechnology in the Feed and Food Industries (T.P. Lyons and K.A. Jacques, eds), pp. 289—293. University of Nottingham Press, Nottingham, UK. 

Overbeeke N., Genetic Engineering in Flavour Research, in Biotechnology Challenges for the Flavor and Food Industry, Lindsay R.C., Willis B.J., eds., London, Elsevier 1989... 

The determination of glucose is one of the most frequently perfomed routine analyses in clinical chemistry as well as in the microbiological and food industries. Here, the application of glucose electrodes appears to be the method of choice. Moreover, in combination with other enzymes, glucose oxidase sensors are applicable to the measurement of di- and polysaccharides and amylase and cellulase activity, which is required in many biotechnological processes. This versatility explains, why numerous researchers worldwide are concerned with the development and optimization of glucose sensors. 

The trade literature touted SCF technology as a panacea for the chemicals, petroleum, and foods industries it was going to solve all sorts of problems in energy reduction, waste treatment, chemicals separation, and biotechnology. Quotes from some of these articles attest to the unbridled and, in our opinion, unwarranted enthusiasm for this new technology. 

Wasserman, B.P. Montville, T.J. In Biotechnology Challenges for the Flavor and Food Industry, Lindsay, R.C. Willis, B.J. Ed. Elsevier Applied Science London and New York, 1989, pp 1-11. 

Currently, he teaches and conducts research in the biochemistry, biotechnology, and food engineering departments at the Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey. He has worked on research projects with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), the United Nations Children s Fund (UNICEF), and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) as a project director. 

The use of capillary electrophoresis (CE) as an analytical technique has become more widespread and popular in recent years and has established itself as a method of choice for many applications. The ability to analyze small ions and organic molecules has made it the mainstay in many industries such as the food and beverage, biotechnology, and pharmaceutical industries, many of which have incorporated CE into their research as well as their quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) departments. 

The entrapment of various materials such as flavors, living cells, and pharmaceutical compounds within capsules for a wide range of applications is of considerable importance in the pharmacenti-cal, chemical, and food industries, as well as in agriculture, biotechnology, and medicine.As a result microencapsulation has been extensively studied since the early to mid-twentieth century. 

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