Biomass content

Antil, R.S., Gupta, A.P., and Narwal, R.P., Nitrogen transformation and microbial biomass content in soil contaminated with nickel and cadmium from industrial wastewater irrigation, Urban Water, 3 (4), 299-302, 2001. 

The pig slurry contains only about 5 % dry weight, which can be elevated by adding biomass from energy plants. The energy plants biomass content is about 35 %, so it is possible to increase the solid content of the biomass input using energy plants. The most... 

Results on the carbon balances for these fermentation experiments with paper sludge hydrolysate are presented in Table 3. Interference of unidentified components in the hydrolysate with the protein content determination disallowed accurate biomass content determination, resulting in an incomplete mass balance. However, similar OD was measured as observed for the mixture of pure sugars (condition C). 

Petrides et al,15 indicate that the BioPro Designer is ideally situated to ask what if type questions. It facilitates a sensitivity analysis of the influence of key variables on the production cost and the profitability of the project. The effect of three variables were analyzed. Their analysis indicates that product cost is quite sensitive to a biomass content of 20% and less. The product cost does not change significantly for a biomass content of greater than 20%. This is because most of the production cost is associated with the product recovery and purification costs. They emphasize that this sort of information may be utilized to prioritize future work. 

Wood (parts) Starch (parts) Solvent (parts) Total biomass content (%) Preliquefaction time of wood (min) Combined liquefaction time (min) ... 

Any increase in biomass content to the dryer results in a reduction in ijo surd a rise in CoE (other parameters remaining unchanged), for the obvious reason that more heat is required for drying and Is therefore unavailable for export, leading to a fall in revenue and an increase in dryer capital cost. 

At any biomass concentration the culture was ammonium-limited (data not shown). The increase in incident light intensity (Table 2) affected neither the hydrogen production by the photobioreactor nor the specific activity of the cells. Thus, the culture was not limited by light even at high biomass concentrations. Measurements of residual lactate concentration showed that only at the highest biomass content it was quite low (100 pM), possibly limiting the culture. 

Fig. 6 Differences between aerobic and anaerobic biological wastewater treatment, a = wastewater b = biomass content c = hydraulic retention time. (From Ref. f)...

Figure 4.12. Comparison between aerobic and anaerobic wastewater biological treatment, a wastewater, b biomass content, c hydraulic retention time.

Fig. 8 Time variation of total proteins (g/1) and protease and elastase activities (U/1) during a rhamnolipid production in the bioreactor with the DO set point equal to 6.0 mg/1 and in the conventional shake flask fermentation. All presented values are normalized by the biomass content...

Fig. 6 Correlation between the lipase activity and the biomass contents indirectly measured by the glycosamine content and the digital image processing...

SPI, soy fibre, and corn starch together with 0 0 per cent polyetho- polyol were also incorporated into a flexible polyurethane foam formulation. Stress-strain curves of the control foam and foams containing 10-20 per cent biomass material exhibited a considerable plateau stress region, but not for foams extended with 30—40 per cent of them. An increase in the hiomass content produced an increase in the foam density, whereas an increase in the initial water content produced the opposite effect. Foams extended with 30 per cent SPI, as well as those extended with 30 per cent soy fibre, displayed considerably higher resilience values than all other extended foams. The comfort factor increased by increasing the biomass content, and foams containing 10—40 per cent biomass showed significantly lower values in compression-set than the control foam [86]. 

Likewise, radical copolymerization of lAn-PLA Macro (1) with other three vinyl monomers (BA, MMA, and EMA) produced PLA-Graft copolymers (1) as shown in reaction (3) of Scheme 2. All these product copolymers are biomass plastics (biomass content 46-75 wt%). 

AIBN (mol%) Product comb polymer Isolated yield (%) MnCxlO- ) Biomass content (%) (°C) Pencil hardness... 

The biomass content was of course equal to that of the macromonomers MMm. Thus, various comb polymers having high biomass content up to 94 wt% were obtained. To our knowledge, this is the first instance of preparation of comb polymers having PLA as the pendant chain with high biomass content. 

Reaction at 85°C for 0.5 h in H2O with addition of the surfactant and KPS radical initiator Biomass content was adjusted in the initial reaction feed to be 34 wt% in all runs... 

The initial and final yeast dry weight, protein, carbohydrate, and lipid determinations indicated that during the biotransformation process yeast biomass content, especially the cell protein and lipid components, was reduced. Reductions in cellular absorbance values suggested that 30-40% of the yeast cells were lysed during the 10-h biotransformation. However, pyruvate decarboxylase was found to be substantially resistant to denaturation by benzaldehyde at concentrations as high as 7 g/L. The enzyme was fairly resistant to denaturation by transformation products as well. 

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