Biochip technology

Wright, G. L., Cazares, L. H., Leung, S.-M., Nasim, S., Adam, B.-L., Yip, T.-T., Schellhammer, P. F., Gong, L., and Vlahou, A. (2000). ProteinChip surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization (SELDI) mass spectrometry a novel protein biochip technology for detection of prostate cancer biomarkers in complex protein mixtures. Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases 2, 264-276. 

T. Basarsky, Overview of a microarray scanner design essentials for an integrated acquisition and analysis platform, in Microarray Biochip Technology (M. Schena, ed.), p. 265, Eaton Publishing (2000). 

Little is known about the molecular mechanisms and complexity converting psychosocial stress into cellular dysfunction in the brain, endocrine, and immune systems. How ordinary and sustained maladapted psychosocial stressors, chronic stress, and an unhealthy lifestyle activate and exert an influence on the biochemistry of the neuro-endocrine-immune axes with implications for future health or disease, is an upcoming innovative research field due to the new and emerging fields of proteomics, metabonomics, and biochip technologies. 

Stl2] A. Steel, M. Torres, J. Hartwell, Y-Y. Yu, N. Ting, G. Hoke, H. Yang, in Microarray Biochip Technology (Ed. M. Schena), Bio Techniques Books, Nat-tick, MA, 2000, Chapter 5. 

Microarray scanning ScanArray 5000 Standard Biochip Scanning System (Packard Biochip Technologies, Inc., Billerica, MA). 

Rosty C, Christa L, Kuzdzal S, Baldwin WM, Zahurak ML, Carnot F, Chan DW, Canto M, Lillemoe KD, Cameron JL, Yeo CJ, Hruban RH, Goggins M. Identification of hepatocarcinoma-intestine-pancreas/pancreatitis-associated protein I as a biomarker for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by protein biochip technology. Cancer Res 2002 62 1868-1875. 

Maddalena, A.S., Papassotiropoulos, A., Gonzalez-Agosti, C et al. (2004) Cerebrospinal fluid profile of amyloid beta peptides in patients with Alzheimer s disease determined by protein biochip technology. Neurodegener. Dis. 1, 231-235. 

Weinberger SR, Morris TS, Pawlak M (2000) Recent trends in protein biochip technology. Phannacogenomics 1 395 16. 

Wilding P. Nucleic Acid Amplification in Microchips, In Cheng JKL, ed. Biochip technology. Philadelphia Harwood Academic Publishers, 2001 173-84. 

Albers, J. Grunwald, T. Nebling, E. Piechotta, G. Hintsche, R., Electrical biochip technology - a tool for microarrays and continuous monitoring, Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2003, 377, 521-527... 

Figure 11.4. A spotted DNA array with two-color detection of hybridization. An example of a spotted DNA array (16 X 20 elements) is shown after hybridization with two differentially labeled cDNA preparations, Cy3 (pseudo-colored green) and Cy5 (pseudo-colored red). The overlaying of the green and red images produces the image shown. The hue of each spot, ranging from green to red, indicates the relative expression level for the gene specific for each spot (image courtesy Packard Biochip Technologies). See color insert.

Wright, G.L. Cazares, L.H. Leung, S.M. et al. ProteinChip Surface Enhanced Laser Desorption/ionization (SELDI) Mass Spectrometry A Novel Protein Biochip Technology for Detection of Prostate Cancer Biomarkers in Complex Protein Mixtures, Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Dis., 2, 264-276 (2000). 

Rosty, C. Christa, L. Kuzdzal, S. Baldwin, W.M. Zahurak, M.L. Carnot, R Chan, D.W. Canto, M. Lillemoe, K.D. Cameron, J.L. Yeo, C.J. Hruban, R.H. Goggins, M. Identification of Hepatocarcinoma-Intestine-Pancreas/Pancreatitis-Associated Protein I as a Biomarker for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma by Protein Biochip Technology, Cancer Res 62(6), 1868-1875 (2002). 

Fig. 12. HuSNP array design. A A known biallelic polymorphism at position 0 is interrogated by a block of four or five probe sets (five in this example). Each probe set consists of fonr probes, a perfect match and a mismatch to allele A, and a perfect match and a mismatch to allele B. One probe set in a block is centered directly over the polymorphism 0 ), and others are centered upstream (-4,-1) and downstream (+1, +4). B The sequences of the prohe set centered over the polymorphism is shown. C Sample images of Mocks showing homozygous A, heterozygous A/B, or homozygous B at the same SNP site. (Reprinted with permission from Warrington JA et al (2000) In Microarray biochip technology. Biotechniques Books, p 122)...

Schena R, Davis RW (2000) In Schena M (ed) Microarray biochip technology. BioTech-niques Books, Natick, MA, p 1... 

Lu ZH, 2hao YJ, He NY, Sun X (2000) Inti Forum on Biochip Technologies Beijing, China Southern EM, Maskos U, Elder JK (1992) Genomics, 13,1008... 

Ichiki, T., Sugiyama, Y., Taura, R., Koidesawa, T., Horiike, Y, Plasma applications for biochip technology. Thin Solid Films 2003,435, 62-68. 

M. Schena, ed., Microarray Biochip Technology. Westborough, MA Eaton, 2000. 

After evaluation in toxicology studies, several enzymes have been discarded as having little or no additional diagnostic value, or perhaps due to the lack of suitable automated methods and available reagents. These findings are not dissimilar to those in human and veterinary medicine. Enzyme patterns obtained by proteomic techniques may lead to more sensitive assays based on mass rather than activity, and this may lead to biochip technology to further develop novel assays. 

Although development of this DNA or biochip technology is in its infancy, the technique has astonishing potential for the future diagnosis and treatment of disease. 

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