Biochemistry forensic

Currendy, the most important fields of application of thin-layer chromatography are pharmacy (30%), biochemistry, forensic chemistry, and clinical chemistry (25%), environmental (15%), food analysis and cosmetology (10%), inorganic substances (5%), and various other fields (15%). The number of publications in the field of pharmacy steadily increases. 

Applications of UV Raman are in the fields of biological and materials science, biochemistry, forensic sciences, etc., whereas application areas for both NIR and VIS Raman are polymers, polymerisation, paints, dyestuffs, pharmaceutical materials, alkaloids, minerals, explosives, multilayer films, hard disk quality control, etc. Especially NIR FT Raman spectroscopy finds promising applications in various fields, from latex systems [180] to textiles [181], Hendra et al. [182] and Schrader [183] have recently described application of NIR FT-Raman spectroscopy in the polymer industry. 

In addition to the examples of problems quoted above which may face analysts in the field of organic chemistry and technology, organic analysis offers valuable service in other special fields—for example, in biochemistry, forensic chemistry, air-pollution studies, in food technology, and in mineral oil chemistry. In these fields the analyst adapts the method to suit the analyzed medium—for example, the biochemical material or food. 

A good LC/MS instrument routinely provides a means for obtaining the identities and amounts of mixture components rapidly and efficiently. It is not unusual to examine micrograms or less of materia). LC/MS is used in a wide range of applications, including environmental, archaeological, medical, forensic, and space sciences, chemistry, biochemistry, and control boards for athletics and horse racing. 

Forensic science is an applied science having a focus on practical scientific issues that come up during criminal investigations or at trial. Some components ate unique to the field because it is conducted within the legal arena. Forensic science issues in chemistry and biochemistry in criminal investigations are discussed herein. There are a host of other forensic science areas, eg, forensic medicine, forensic dentistry, forensic anthropology, forensic psychiatry, and forensic engineering, any of which may overlap with forensic chemistry. 

Study of chemical pathways in method development. Isotope dilution methods. Radioimmunoassay very important in biochemistry and medicine. Neutron activation analysis used for trace elements in geo-chemistry, semiconductor technology, pollution studies and forensic science. Relative precision of counting 1% if 104 counts are recorded. Assessment of pollution by radionuclides. 

Mass spectrometry is an indispensable analytical tool in chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacy, and medicine. No student, researcher or practitioner in these disciplines can really get along without a substantial knowledge of mass spectrometry. Mass spectrometry is employed to analyze combinatorial libraries [1,2] sequence biomolecules, [3] and help explore single cells [4,5] or other planets. [6] Structure elucidation of unknowns, environmental and forensic analytics, quality control of drugs, flavors and polymers they all rely to a great extent on mass spectrometry. [7-11]... 

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR), developed by Mullis, is a simple and most effective way of amplifying, i.e. producing multiple copies of, a DNA sequence. It finds applications in all sorts of areas not immediately associated with nucleic acid biochemistry, e.g. genetic screening, medical diagnostics, forensic science, and evolutionary biology. The general public is now well aware of the importance... 

Lawrence Kobilinsky, Ph.D., is a professor of biology and immunology at the City University of New York John Jay College of Criminal Justice. He currently serves as science advisor to the college s president and is also a member of the doctoral faculties of biochemistry and criminal justice of the CUNY Graduate Center. He is an advisor to forensic laboratories around the world and serves as a consultant to attorneys on major crime issues related to DNA analysis and crime scene investigation. 

Gas chromatography is one of the most active areas of analytical chemistry, but many references in GC will be found in sources other than just chromatography or analytical chemistry. Thus, literature searches should take one to the journals on topics where GC may be utilized, for example, journals of biochemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry, catalysis, environmental studies, drug analysis, forensic chemistry, petroleum chemistry, inorganic chemistry. 

Gaensslen, R, E. Source Book in Forensic Serology, Immunology and Biochemistry U.S. Department of Justice. U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, DC, 1983. 

Brandenberger H and Maes RAA (1997) Analytical Toxicology for Clinical, Forensic and Pharmaceutical Chemists (Clinical Biochemistry, No. 5). Berlin Walter de Gruyter Inc. 

GC/MS is used in a wide range of applications, including environmental, archaeological, medical, forensic, and space sciences, chemistry, biochemistry, and control boards for athletics and horse racing. 

This chapter considers the theory and practice of HPLC, including partition, adsorption, ion-exchange, size-exclusion, affinity, and chiral chromatography. HPLC has applications not only in forensics but also in biochemistry, environmental science, food science, pharmaceutical chemistry, and toxicology. 

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