Bacteria detection

Zourob, M. Mohr, S. Treves Brown, B. J. Fielden, P. R. McDonnell, M. B. Goddard, N. J., Bacteria detection using disposable optical leaky waveguide sensors, Biosens. Bioelectron. 2005,21,293 302... 

Hydrogen oxidation H2 O2, possibly NO3- CO2 4H2 + O2 + CO2 [CH2O] + 3H2O Mesophilic bacteria detected by activity measurements... 

Del Giallo, M. L., Ariksoysal, D., Marrazza, G., Mascini, M., and Ozsoz, M. (2005). Disposable electrochemical enz5nne-amplified genosensor for Salmonella bacteria detection. Anal. Lett. 38, 2509-2523. 

Receptors and their ligands are numerous, varied, and essential to all forms of life. Cell-surface receptors on bacteria detect feeding attractants as well as dangerous molecules. From bacteria to humans seven-helix receptors function to detect light, odors, hormones, and other molecules. Tire numbers of different receptors are impressive. For example, the tiny nematode C. elegans has 650 seven-helix transmembrane receptors and 411 protein kinases, many of which may be associated with receptors.34 Our bodies have thousands. 

Wagensberg, 3., Castell, C., Torra, V., Rodellar, 3. and Vallespinos, F., 1978. Microcalorimetric study of the metabolism of marine bacteria. Detection of rythmical processes. Invest. Pesq., 42 179-188. 

As the typical molecule in Gram-negative bacteria, lipid A can be used to detect the bacteria. Detection methods need to be rapid and sensitive therefore, a few rapid methods for lipid A micro-extraction from whole bacteria have been developed. 

In summary, signihcant numbers of bacteria, detected with several different approaches, are present in landhll leachate plumes. Methanogens, sulfate reducers, iron reducers, manganese reducers, and denitrihers are believed to be widespread in leachate plumes. Microbial activity seems to occur throughout leachate plumes, although the actual activity (as measured by ATP, PLFA, and redox processes) is low compared to activity in topsoil. Several redox processes can take place in the same samples adding additional diversity to the concept of redox zones illustrated in Figure 3. 

We have introduced the basic principles of Fluctuation Enhanced Sensing and demonstrated its superior sensitivity and selectivity for gases and bacteria detection. It is clear from the presented results that Fluctuation Enhanced Sensing (FES) and the SPETTC method in particular, offer significant advantages when compared with traditional methods. 

M. Giallo, D. Ariksoysal, G. Marrazza, and M. Mascini, Disposable electrochemical enzyme-amplified genosensor for Salmonella bacteria detection. Ana/. Lett. 38(15), 2509-2523 (2005). 

I. Palchetti and M. Mascini, Principles of Bacterial Detection Biosensors, Recognition Receptors and Microsystems (Amperometric Biosensors for Pathogenic Bacteria Detection), Springer, New York (2008). 

Hamada, R., Takayama, H., Shonishi, Y, Mao, L., Nakano, M., Suehiro, J., 2013. A rapid bacteria detection technique utilizing impedance measurement combined with positive and negative dielectrophoresis. Sens. Actuators B Chem. 181, 439—445. 

Lee s multidifferential medium (LMD) t General non-selective medium. Acid-producing bacteria detected by dissolution of calcium carbonate present in medium and by colour change of bromocresol green indicator. 

Cenciarini-Borde, C., Courtois, S., La Scola, B. (2009). Nucleic acids as viability markers for bacteria detection using molecular tools. Future Microbiology, 4, 45-64. 

Escherichia coli detected in 10 ml coliform bacteria detected in 0.1 ml... 

Nakajima, H. Bacteria detection method using fluorescent indicator, and bacteria counting apparatus. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2006081427, 2006 Chem. Abstr. 2006,144, 346397. 

Massad-Ivanir N, Shtenberg G, Tzur A, Krepker MA, Segal E (2011) Engineering nanostructured porous SiO(2) surfaces for bacteria detection via direct cell capture . Anal Chem 83 3282 Massad-Ivanir N, Shtenberg G, Segal E (2012) Advancing nanostructured porous Si-based optical transducers for label fi ee bacteria detection. Adv Exp Med Biol 733 37 Mello LD, Kubota LT (2002) Review of the use of biosensors as analytical tools in the food and drink industries. Food Chem 77 237... 

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