Aviation hazards

Edwards C. 2007. Human Factors in the Maintenance Environment the case for compliance monitoring. Report for the Human Factors Programme, Aviation Hazard Management Ltd. Hampton Wick. UK. 

DRM Method In step 3, a complete list of hazards is identified that are associated with the operation/ system to be assessed. The list should include a large number and diversity of possible hazards. In addition to the Operational Hazards (identified at the level of the ATM service provided to Airspace Users) this includes hazards and conditions that may lead to a safety relevant situation (basic causes, root hazards), hazards and conditions that may hamper the resolution of the safety relevant situation (resolution hazards), and preexisting hazards (those aviation hazards that are not caused by the ATM system but that are aimed to be prevented or mitigated by the ATM system). All the hazards identified here will be referred to in the following as hazards . 

Transportation Department DOT Coast Guard Eederal Aviation Administration (EAA) highway, railroad, and maritime adininistration hazardous material shipping... 

Hazards Following Ground Deicing and Ground Operations in Conditions Conductive to Aircraft Icing," FAA Advisory Circular, AC 20-117, Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, D.C., Dec. 17, 1982. 

Poitrast BJ, Keller WC, Elves RG. 1988. Estimation of chemical hazards in breast milk. Aviat Space Environ Med 59 A87-A92. 

The Dept of Transportation has combined the shipping regulations which used to be separately administered by the US Coast Guard (Title 46, CFR Part 146) and the Federal Aviation Regulations (Title 14, CFR Part 103) (Ref 46). The new regulation provides for a uniform vehicle placarding and documentation system. They replace rail express criteria with a hazard assessment for aircraft operation, and uniform criteria for all shipping modes have been established. The list of hazardous materials has been completely revised and improved directions for their use have been included. The use of prescribed colors for labels is now mandatory (Ref 46)... 

Cowan, M.J., and L.J. Jenkins. 1981b. The Toxicity of Grade JP-5 Aviation Turbine Fuel, A Comparison Between Petroleum and Shale-Derived Fuels. Pp. B2/1-B2/7 in Toxic Hazards in Aviation. Papers presented at the Aerospace Medical Panel Specialists Meeting, Toronto, Canada, Sept. 15-19 1980. AGARD-CP-309, France Advisory Group for Aerospace Research Development. 

One other area in which the use of molybdenum disulphide may be undesirable for pre-assembly or anti-seize use is when nickel alloys are used in critical applications, especially at high temperatures. Such alloys are extensively used in aviation gas turbine engines, and there have been cases in which serious failures of gas turbines have been attributed to the effect of molybdenum disulphide-based lubricants on high-temperature components Provided these two hazards are kept in mind, molybdenum disulphide dispersions and pastes are of great value as antiseize compounds and as assembly aids. 

Sensitivity and Hazards of Explosives, Ministry of Aviation, E.R.D.E., London, 1963 and references therein. 

Interstate shipment and labeling of hazardous chemicals is regulated by the Department of Transportation and the Federal Aviation Agency as well as by state and local laws. See labeling, toxicology. 

Back KC, Carter VL, Thomas AA. 1978. Occupational hazards of missile operations with special regard to the hydrazine propellants. Aviat Space Environ Med 591-598. 

Upon receipt of an intelligence estimate of a high-risk radiological hazard, the operational commander shall order an exclusion area around the location. The Commander shall establish a minimum exclusion zone of a 1KM radius around the suspected radiological hazard. The commander shall direct an evacuation of all ACE forces in the zone until appropriate follow on actions, as described in this directive, are accomplished. If necessary, essential aviation assets are permitted to transit the exclusion zone at a height of at least of 175 meters. 

Also in the past 10 years or so sophisticated lightning locating equipment has been installed throughout the world. For example, all ground flashes in the U.S. are now centrally monitored for research, for better overall weather prediction, and for hazard warning for aviation, electric utilities and other lightning-sensitive facilities. 

There are three international regulations that cover hazardous material transportation operations around the world, and specifically apply to the maritime and aviation modes of transport. The following international organizations implemented the international regulations for maritime and aviation ... 

The Hazardous Materials Transportation Act of 1975 (HMTA) and the 1990 Hazardous Materials Uniform Safety Act were promulgated to protect the public from risks associated with the movement of potentially dangerous materials on roads, in the air, and on waterways. They do not pertain to the movement of materials within a facility. Anyone who transports or causes to be transported a hazardous material is subject to these regulations, as is anyone associated with the production or modification of containers for hazardous materials. Enforcement of the HMTA is delegated to the Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railway Administration, Federal Aviation Administration, and Research and Special Programs Administration (for enforcement of packaging rules). 

---