Autoimmune prostatitis

Models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were object to l,25(OH)2D3 treatment, providing additional support for the high potential of the hormone for the treatment of Thl-mediated diseases. As an example, in rat adjuvant arthritis l,25(OH)2D3 improved the inhibiting effect of cyclosporine A on arthritis onset as well as on arthritis aggravation [142]. The incidence and severity of type II collagen-induced arthritis was reduced in rats or mice orally treated with 25-(OH)2-D3, the 1,25 (OH)2D3 analog MC 1288 or l,25(OH)2D3 [143-145], l,25(OH)2D3 has further proven to be therapeutically effective in animal models of autoimmune thyroiditis [146], allogeneic transplantation [66, 147,148], rat Heymann nephritis [149] and autoimmune prostatitis [80]. Results from l,25(OH)2D3-related studies in animal models are summarized in Table 10.3. 

Penna, G. et al. (2006) Treatment of experimental autoimmune prostatitis in nonobese diabetic mice by the vitamin D receptor agonist elocalcitol. Journal of Immunology, 177, 8504—8511. 

Vitamin D metaboUtes may therefore play an active role ia diseases related to these functions, ie, leukemia, cancer (breast, colon, prostate), and autoimmune diseases (AIDS, immune encephaUtis, and diabetes) (51, 141,193—197, 202, 203). 

There are also drugs which by themselves can cause kidney failure. The mechanisms behind drugs negative effects on the kidneys are multiple. Among the most important is diminished blood flow to the kidneys (prerenal failure). Others are immunological damages to the nephrons caused by deposition of autoimmune complexes or direct nephrotoxicity caused by for example, antibiotics. The kidney function can also be damaged by post-renal obstructions, for example, kidney stones, urethral strictures or prostate hyperplasia (Ashley 2004). 

Like tasquinimod, linomide yields robust and consistent in vivo growth inhibition of prostate cancer models due to its antiangiogenic activity, and it inhibits of autoimmune encephalomyelitis models of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS clinical trials were discontinued because of unacceptable toxicity, due to dose-dependent induction of proinflammation [35]. 

A 63-year-old man, who had taken amiloride and alfuzosin for 9 months for hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia, became jaundiced. His aspartate transaminase was 3013IU/1, alanine transaminase 2711 IU/1, alkaline phosphatase 500 IU/1, and total bilirubin 415 pmol/l. Viral causes, autoimmune hepatitis, and biliary obstruction were excluded. After withdrawal of alfuzosin, his liver function tests gradually returned to normal within 6 months. 

There is considerable evidence that vitamin D is a potent regulator of the immune system and promotes normal cell growth. D is best known as the sunshine vitamin and has been used for decades to cure childhood rickets. In its active form, this fat-soluble vitamin changes to the steroid hormone calcitriol, which helps maintain blood calcium levels. Some evidence suggests that D decreases the risk of many common cancers (especially breast, ovarian, colon, and prostate), type-2 diabetes, autoimmune diseases, and high blood pressure. ... 

Biological Applications Zinc indicator " early diagnosis of prostate cancer treating age-related macular degeneration (AMD), amyloidosis disorders, autoimmune diseases, herpes virus infection ... 

There is some evidence that vitamin D in the form of colecalciferol taken at a level >800 lU is effective in reducing the risk of bone fractures in the elderly when taken with calcium supplementation at >1 g per day. Vitamin D can promote cell differentiation and there is some evidence from epidemiological studies that vitamin D is effective in reducing the incidence of some cancers, including gastrointestinal, prostate and breast cancer. Vitamin D has been shown to modulate T-cell response and thus may have an effect on autoimmune diseases, and there is some evidence to support this. 

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