Autographa californica nuclear

Most of the viral vectors were constructed using (1) the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV), which is able to infect moth species, Spodoptera frugiperda ovarian cell lines and, in specific conditions, Drosophila cells (2) the Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV), which is able to infect silkworm cells. To broaden the range of infection of hosts, a hybrid virus was generated [118,119]. 

Kondo, A. and Maeda, S. (1991) Host range expansion by recombination of the baculoviruses Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus and Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Journal of Virology, 65 (7), 3625-3632. 

Baculovirus expression is the most frequently used method for expression in insect cells and employs Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV), a double stranded (ds) DNA virus that infects arthropods. The baculovirus expression system utilizes features of the viral life cycle to introduce recombinant DNA coding the gene of interest into insect cells (Miller, 1988 O Reilly et al, 1992). 

Carstens EB (1982), Mapping the mutation site of an Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus polyhedron morphology mutant, J. Virol. 43 809-818. 

Elam P, Vail PV, Schreiber F (1990), Infectivity of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus extracted with digestive fluids of Heliothis zea, Estigmene acrea, and carbonate solutions,]. Invertebr. Pathol. 55 278-283. 

Harrison RL, Summers MD (1995), Biosynthesis and localization of the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus 25K gene product, Virology 208 279-288. 

Kool M, Voncken JW, van Lier FL, Tramper J, Vlak JM (1991), Detection and analysis of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus mutants with defective interfering properties, Virology 183 739-746. 

Lee FTY, Krell PJ (1992), Generation and analysis of defective genomes of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, J. Virol. 66 4339-4347. 

Wood FFA (1980), Isolation and replication of an occlusion body-deficient mutant of the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, Virology 105 338-344. 

Luckow VA, and Summers MD (1988) Signals important for high-level expression of foreign genes in Autographa californica nuclear poly-hedrosis virus expression vectors. Virology 167 56-71... 

Fraser MJ (1986) Ultrastructural observations of virion maturation in Autographa californica Nuclear Polyhedrosis virus infected Spodoptera frugiperda cell cultures. J Ultrastruct Mol Struct Res 95 189—195... 

Vialard JE, Richardson CD (1993) The 1,629-nucleotide open reading frame located downstream of the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus polyhediin gene encodes a nucleocapsid-assodated phosphop-rotein. J Virol 67 5859—5866... 

AcMNPV Autographa californica Multicapsid Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus... 

The Baculoviridae are a family of large enveloped DNA viruses that are characterised by rod-shaped nucleocapsids and relatively large double stranded DNA genomes. Autographa californica Multicapsid Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (AcMNPV) is the baculovirus most currently used as vector for protein production with insect cells. Several reviews are available describing baculovirus structure and its molecular biology [6-8]. 

Fraser MJ, Smith GE, Summers MD (1983), Acquisition of host cell DNA sequences by baculovirus relationship between host DNA insertion and FP mutants of Autographa californica and Galleria mellonella nuclear polyhedrosis viruses, Virology 47 287-300. 

One of the eukaryotic systems that attracted significant interest in recent years is the baculovirus-infected insect cell platform (1, 2). The most common species of baculoviruses used for protein expression studies is the Autographa californica multiple nuclear... 

Ac = Autographa californica Bm = Bombyx mori NPV = nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Hanzlik, unpublished data. 

The baculoviruses which have received the majority of attention to date are two of the nuclear polyhedrosis viruses (NPV). One was originally derived from the alfalfa loopcr Autographa californica, and the other from the silkworm Bombyx mori. These viruses are referred to as AcNPV and BmNPV respectively. The engineering of baculoviruses to express JHE was undertaken in both of these systems by a number of different groups. Details of methodology for construction and purification of recombinant baculoviruses are given elsewhere (28,31). 

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