Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier spectroscopy

Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,... 

Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Attenuated total redectance (atr) ftir spectroscopy is based on the principle of total internal redection (40). Methods based on internal redection in the uv and visible regions of the spectmm are also common in addition to those in the ir region. The implementation of internal redection in the ir region of the spectmm provides a means of obtaining ir spectra of surfaces or interfaces, thus providing moleculady-specific vibrational information. 

Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), 24 111-114 Attenuation, 77 132-133 Attenuation length (AL), 24 87-89 Attrition, catalyst deactivation mechanism, 5 256t... 

Gaboury, S. R. Urban, M. W. Analysis of Gas-Plasma-Modified Poly(Dimethylsiloxane) Elastomer Surfaces. Attenuated-Total-Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. In Structure-Property Relations in Polymers Urban, M. W., Graver, C. D., Eds. Advances in Chemistry Series 236 American Chemical Society Washington, DC, 1993 pp 777-790. 

Principal Component Regression (PCR) was used by Tuchbreiter and MueUiaupt to determine the composition of a number of random ethane/propene, ethane/1-hexene, and ethane/l-octene copolymers [120]. After polymerization, the polymers were characterized by both Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FT-IR) and C NMR and multivariate calibration models using PCR were subsequently developed to estimate the co-monomer content. 

Tuchbreiter A, Marquardt J, Zimmermann J et al. (2001) High-throughput evaluation of olefin copolymer composition by means of attenuated total reflection fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. J Comb Chem 3 598-603... 

Van Soest, J. J. G., Tournois, H., de Wit, D., Vliegenthart, J. F. G. (1995). Short-range structure in (partially) crystalline potato starch determined with attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy. Carbohydrate Research, 279, 201-214. 

Aspartic peptidases, 365 Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI), used with LC/MS ATR-FTIR. see Attenuated total reflection Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), trans fatty acids, 505-511 Autoxidation. see also Oxidation discussed, 535 of lipids, 558, 627 prevention of, 558... 

Other applications of subcritical water extraction-solid-phase microextraction are the determination of terbuthylazine and its metabolites [123], polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [124,125] and polychlorobiphenyls [63]. Yang and Her [193] collected 1-chloronaphthylene, nitrobenzene and 2-chloro-toluene in soil on a hydrophobic polyisobutylene disc prior to analysis by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 

Yang and Her [ 193] have described a rapid method for the determination of down to 200 ppt of semi-volatile compounds such as 1-chloronaphthalene, nitrobenzene and 2-chlorotoluene in soils by coupling solid-phase microextraction with attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 

To shed light on the mechanism of formation of silsesquioxane a7b3, to identify the species formed during the process, and to try to explain the high selectivity towards structure a7b3 of the optimised synthetic method described above (64% yield in 18 h), the synthesis of cyclopentyl silsesquioxane a7b3 was monitored by electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI MS) [50-52] and in situ attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR FTIR) spectroscopy [53, 54]. Spectroscopic data from the latter were analysed using chemometric methods to identify the pure component spectra and relative concentration profiles. 

Regarding the spatial aspects of the enzymatic degradation of CA-g-PLLA, a surface characterization [30] was carried out for melt-molded films by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and attenuated total-reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) before and after the hydrolysis test with proteinase K. As exemplified in Fig. 3 for a copolymer of MS = 22, the AFM study showed that hydrolysis for a few weeks caused a transformation of the original smooth surface of the test specimen (Fig. 3a) into a more undulated surface with a number of protuberances of 50-300 nm in height and less than a few micrometers in width (Fig. 3b). The ATR-FTIR measurements proved a selective release of lactyl units in the surface region of the hydrolyzed films, and the absorption intensity data monitored as a function of time was explicable in accordance with the AFM result. 

Characterization. The PPNVP and PPNVP/PEUU films were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA), ellipsometry, and water contact angles in air. Two independent methods, a modification of the radioimmunoassay used by Ziats, et. al. (14) and an immunochemical stain based on the ABC immunohistochemical staining method (15) were developed to assay the binding of GOx to the PPNVP/PEUU support. 

Brancaleon, L., Bamberg, M.P., Sakamaki, T., and Kollias, N. Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as a possible method to investigate biophysical parameters of stratum corneum in vivo. J. Invest Dermatol. 2001 116 380-386. 

The poly(L-lysine) formed a-helical rods in the multilayers that are aligned along the scratching direction of the substrate. He applied attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) using polarized light for the determination of the orientation within the films. 

The starch content in paper is determined by a TAPPI test method.301 Special methods are needed to assay starch in the presence of other adhesives.302 Starch on the paper surface is determined by ATR (attenuated total reflection) Fourier transform IR spectroscopy.303 New methods are being developed by the International Standards Organization (ISO).304... 

ATR-FTIR Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy... 

In this section we discuss a method of controlled material degradation for individual organic semiconductors and also for the blends used in bulk heterojunction solar cells [37]. The degradation is studied using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and by determining current/voltage characteristics (I/V measurements) of the devices. 

Simple and rapid spectroscopic methods, such as front-face fluorescence, attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, have a great potential for investigation of the structure of fats in dairy products and of the relation between structure and texture. Although fluorescence, infrared and NMR spectroscopies are techniques, the theory and methodology of which have been exploited extensively in studies in both chemistry and biochemistry, the usefulness of these spectroscopies for molecular studies has not been yet fully recognized in food science. Fluorescence, infrared and NMR spectroscopies coupled... 

Surface modification of polyvinyl chloride films, both plasticised and unplasticised, using amino thiophenol in dimethyl formamide and water mixtures, was examined using attenuated total reflection fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Reaction kinetics, and the amount of dioctyl phthalate plasticiser leached out during the reaction were determined. Surface selectivity and degree of modification was found to depend on reaction time. 19 refs. 

Kubicki, J.D. et al., Attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy of carboxylic acids adsorbed onto mineral surfaces, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 63, 2709, 1999. 

Surface analytical techniques. A variety of spectroscopic methods have been used to characterize the nature of adsorbed species at the solid-water interface in natural and experimental systems (Brown et al, 1999). Surface spectroscopy techniques such as extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) have been used to characterize complexes of fission products, thorium, uranium, plutonium, and uranium sorbed onto silicates, goethite, clays, and microbes (Chisholm-Brause et al, 1992, 1994 Dent et al, 1992 Combes et al, 1992 Bargar et al, 2000 Brown and Sturchio, 2002). A recent overview of the theory and applications of synchrotron radiation to the analysis of the surfaces of soils, amorphous materials, rocks, and organic matter in low-temperature geochemistry and environmental science can be found in Fenter et al (2002). 

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