A oxidizing agent

All compounds of chromium are colored the most important are the chromates of sodium and potassium and the dichromates and the potassium and ammonium chrome alums. The dichromates are used as oxidizing agents in quantitative analysis, also in tanning leather. 

Organic Reagents. Amine oxides are used ia synthetic organic chemistry ia the preparation of olefins, or phase-transfer catalysts (47), ia alkoxylation reactions (48), ia polymerization, and as oxidizing agents (49,50). 

In acidic media, amine oxides and anionic surfactants form precipitates the CMC is much greater than in neutral or alkaline media. Change in CMC parallels change from ionic to nonionic form. Amine oxides are stable in formulated detergent products and do not act as oxidizing agents. Composition and function of representative commercial amine oxides are given in Table 26. 

We have already noted (Section 4.04.2.1.4(xi)) that alkyl groups on pyrazoles are oxidized with permanganate to carboxylic acids. Silver nitrate and ammonium persulfate transform 4-ethyl-1-methylpyrazole (436) into the ketone (437) (72JHC1373). The best yield was obtained starting with the alcohol (438) and using an acid dichromate solution as oxidizing agent. 

Coformycin, 2 -deoxy—see Pentostatin Colchicine synthesis, 1, 472 isothiazoles in, 6, 174 Collins reagent as oxidizing agent, 2, 170 Colour... 

Pyridinium chloride, N-(4-pyridyl)-hydrochloride quaternization, 2, 175 reactions with amines, 2, 241 Pyridinium chlorochromates as oxidizing agents, 2, 170 reactions, 2, 34 Pyridinium dichromate as oxidizing agent, 2, 170 Pyridinium l-dicyanomethylide... 

Peroxides — Compounds containing the ion are hazardous primarily as oxidizing agents but also as water reactives. An example is the liberation of oxygen... 

The Glaser reaction is an oxidative coupling of terminal alkynes 1 to yield a symmetrical Z -acetylene 2 the coupling step is catalyzed by a copper salt. Closely related is the Eglinton reaction, which differs from the Glaser reaction mainly by the use of stoichiometric amounts of copper salt as oxidizing agent. 

Nonmetallic elements frequently act as oxidizing agents, being reduced to the corresponding anions ... 

Use the following reactions to arrange the cations W+, X+, Y+, and Z4 in order of their increasing ability as oxidizing agents. 

The oxidation of diethyl 3,6-hexanooxepin-4,5-dicarboxylate with a mixture of sodium periodate and potassium permanganate as oxidizing agent gives diethyl 3-[(formyioxy)methylene]-l 0-oxocyclodec-l-en-l,2-dicarboxylate (2) in 91 % yield.130 A minor modification of the reaction conditions gives two products 2 (35 %) and a product which retains the oxepin structure (23 %) identified as the same lactone described in Section 1.2.1.1.129... 

Because ozonides are active oxygen compds, they can be used as oxidizing agents, polymerization catalysts, bleaching agents, and germicides. 

Arenesulphinylation 264 Arenesulphinylethanes, synthesis of 267 2-Arenesulphonyl-3-aryloxaziridines, as oxidizing agents 254 Arenesulphonyl azides, reactions of 641 At-Arenesulphonyliminopyridinium betaines, mass spectra of 160-162 Arenesulphonyl radicals 215, 1091 Aryldiazonium salts, reactions of 280, 281 Aryl(methylsulphinyl)(methylthio)alkenes, synthesis of 614... 

Chiral thietane dioxides, synthesis of 449 Chiral thiete dioxides, synthesis of 449 Chlorine compounds, as oxidizing agents... 

Natural products, synthesis of 829, 835, 837, 840-842, 948, 958 Nitrile oxides, reactions of 807 Nitriles - see also y-Ketonitriles reactions of 277 synthesis of 815 Nitrilimines, reactions of 277 Nitritosulphonium intermediates 206 Nitrogen compounds, as oxidizing agents 970-972... 

Peroxides, as oxidizing agents 962 Peroxy compounds, as oxidizing agents 972-979... 

Perseleninic acids, as oxidizing agents 240 Persulphenates 709 Persulphoxides 709 Perturbation 1050 Peterson reaction 332 Phase transfer catalysis 573-575, 985, 986, 990... 

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