Oxygen as an oxidizing agent

After the liquefaction of air had been achieved by Olszewski and Wroblewski [3] and on a large scale by Linde [4] the use of liquid oxygen as an oxidizing agent became possible in composite explosives called Oxyliquits (Linde [5]). 

Hydrogen as a reducing agent oxygen as an oxidizing agent. 

Advection Flux of a quantity (e.g. heat, chemical substance) by organized fluid motion (see also Diffusion) Aerobic Conditions involving the presence of oxygen as an oxidizing agent... 

Anoxic conditions favor sulfur instead of oxygen as an oxidizing agent Hydrogen sulfide (HjS) is formed that has a rotten egg odor. Raising pH reduces the concentration of H2S compared with other sulfide species, thereby reducing odor. 

Uses. Potassium peroxide is used as an oxidizing agent and in oxygen generating units for gas masks (Ref 5). Another use has been found by Hatterer who developed a device which extracts the thermal energy from nuclear reactors in a reaction which generates H2 and 02 gases by... 

Alternatively, as an oxidizing agent, H202 yields H20 (or OH- in basic solution) as the oxygen atoms undergo reduction to the —2 oxidation state ... 

Even aliphatic hydrocarbons are susceptible to oxidative carbonylation. From an industrial point of view, the most important process concerns the direct conversion of methane into acetic acid. This transformation has been achieved with Rh(III)-based catalysts using oxygen as the oxidizing agent [149-153], and it is still object of investigations aimed at developing more efficient catalytic systems working under mild conditions. 

It is possible to set up an experiment that involves a pool of Hg and other circuitry. The mercury pool pulsates in a regular way. Two conditions must be simultaneously present to achieve this unexpected phenomenon. One is that the solution contains oxygen or an oxidizing agent. The other is that an iron wire is placed in such a way that the Hg pool contacts the wire when it flattens out in the course of the pulsation, but breaks the contact when it becomes less flat, i.e., turns convex. Figure 7.192 shows a laboratory setup used to demonstrate the phenomenon. It is shown in the flat position of the Hg when it is sufficiently extended so as to contact the iron wire. 

In liquid mixtures tetranitromethane may be used as an oxidizing agent. A fully oxygen-balanced mixture consisting of 86.5% tetranitromethane and 13.5% toluene has a density of 1.45. It is a powerful explosive (p. 591, Vol. I). 

Aliphatic hydrocarbons petrol, paraffin. In the U.S.A. several types of combustibles for liquid propellant jet aircraft are used. One of them, i.e. JP-4, is employed for rocket propulsion, with nitric acid as an oxidizing agent (it can also be used with hydrogen peroxide or liquid oxygen). The specification of JP-4, is as follows ... 

The oxidations in dilute solution discussed in this section mostly involve molecular oxygen as the oxidizing agent. The oxidative step in several catecholamine assay procedures, which usually involves the participation of an inorganic oxidizing agent, and which also occurs in dilute solution, is considered in Section V, E. 

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