Artificial tissues

The polyamide is a substituted nylon 2, that is, it is derived from an a-amino acid—the same type used in living organisms to produce polypeptides. NCA polymerizations have been used to synthesize polypeptides, both homopolymers and copolymers, that may be useful in biotechnology applications such as artificial tissues, drug delivery, and biosensors. 

Fabrication is difficult, but the large-scale assembly of nanoscale building blocks into either devices (e.g. molecular electronic, or optoelectronic devices), nanostructured materials, or biomedical structures (artificial tissue, nerve-connectors, or drug delivery devices) is an even more daunting and complex problem. There are currently no satisfactory strategies... 

The surgeon gave a modest shrug. "The cheapest option would just be to give him the artificial tissue and not bother with cloned replacements. AT is the technology which people use in order to boost themselves the individual units will live longer than him. 

But we re not going to use that option, are we. Captain " Madeleine said forcibly. "Because, as you said when Erick saved both your ship and your arse, you would buy him an entire new clone body if that s what it took. Didn t you So how fortunate that you don t have to clone a new body, and all the expense that entails. Now all you are going to have to pay for is some artificial tissue and a few clones. Because you certainly don t want Erick walking around in anything less than a perfectly restored and natural condition. Do you. Captain "... 

Will Erick be able to fly after the artificial tissue has been implanted " Andre asked. 

The operation to implant Erick s artificial tissue units had begun fifteen minutes after his removal from zerotau. He d been in surgery for sixteen hours at one point he had four different surgical teams working on various parts of him. When he came out of theatre, thirty per cent of his body weight was accounted for by artificial tissue. 

Since cell-adhesion events are almost always the first step in the regeneration of injured or destroyed tissues, the ability to control these events should lead to the generation of better artificial tissues. Complementary modifications of the cell and biomaterial surfaces could allow cells to be directed to a... 

Tissue engineering aims to replace, repair, or regenerate tissue or organ function and to create artificial tissues and organs for transplantation [67]. As previously mentioned, hydrogels are an attractive scaffolding material (3D matrix) for cells as they are structurally similar to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) of many tissues. 

Fig. 36. Artificial tissue of prismatic cells, as used for the study of biocolloid systems totally enclosed in celloidin membranes.

Recently, the production of nanofibres using nanocomposites has attracted attention. This is due to the fact that this type of nanofibre combines the unique properties of nanocomposites with the outstanding characteristics of nanofibres. Metal/polymer nanocomposites have not only the potential to meet the requirements of applications such as photonic and electric sensors, filters, and artificial tissue, but also can act as catalysts. Silver nanoparticles are the most common embedded metal nanoparticles used in conjunction with polymers. This is because silver nanoparticles exhibit remarkable properties including catalytic activity, surface-enhanced Raman scattering activity, high electrical conductivity and antimicrobial activity. 

Because of these similarities, soft mechanoelectrical systems constructed from polymer gels may open new possibilities in investigating artificial tissue-like tactile perception for prosthetics and robotics. 

Materials used in biomedical applications (that is, in intimate contact with living organisms) are called biomateriats. We ll see that a biomaterial must meet many requirements to be suitable for such applications as heart valves, artificial tissue, or hip replacement components. 

Artificial Tissue The treatment of patients who have lost extensive skin tissue— for example, bum patients or those with skin ulcers— is one of the most difficult problems in therapeutic medicine. Today, laboratory-grown skin can be employed to replace grafts in such patients. Ideally, the "artificial" tissue would be grown from cells taken from the patient. When this is not possible, for example, with bum victims, the tissue cells come from another source. When the graft skin is not formed from the patient s own cells, dmgs that suppress the body s natural immune defense system must be used, or steps must be taken to modify the new cell line to prevent rejection of the tissue. 

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