Aromatic pollutants

Recent Uses of Solid-Surface Luminescence Analysis in Environmental Analysis. Vo-Dinh and coworkers have shown very effectively how solid-surface luminescence techniques can be used for environmentally important samples (17-22). RTF has been used for the screening of ambient air particulate samples (17,18). In addition, RTF has been employed in conjunction with a ranking index to characterize polynuclear aromatic pollutants in environmental samples (19). A unique application of RTF reported recently is a personal dosimeter badge based on molecular diffusion and direct detection by RTF of polynuclear aromatic pollutants (20). The dosimeter is a pen-size device that does not require sample extraction prior to analysis. 

Fennell DE, I Nijenhuis, SF Wilson, SH Zinder, MM Haggblom (2004) Dehalococcoides ethenogenes strain 195 reductively dechlorinates diverse chlorinated aromatic pollutants. Environ Sci Technol 38 2075-2081. 

Safe, S., D. Jones, J. Kohli, and L.O. Ruzo. 1976. The metabolism of chlorinated aromatic pollutants by the frog. Canad. Jour. Zool. 54 1818-1823. 

Pussemier, L., Szabo, G., and Bulman, R.A. Prediction of the soil adsorption coefficient Koc for aromatic pollutants,... 

The peroxo iron species reported in Scheme 7 have been used in preliminary studies for oxidative degradation of aromatic pollutants. ... 

Covers H, de Voogt P. 1986. Indices for the prediction of environmental properties of hetero-atomic polycyclic aromatic pollutants. Comm Eur Commun Eur 10388 Org Micropollut Aquat Environ, 475-483. 

Table 10. Microbial sensors for the detection of aromatic pollutants using oxygen electrodes... 

Zimmerman, R., Heger, H.J., Kettrup, H.J., Boesl, U. (1997) A mobile resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry device for online analysis of aromatic pollutants in waste incinerator flue gases first results. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 11 1095-1102. 

Andersson O, Blomkvist G. 1981. Polybrominated aromatic pollutants found in fish in Sweden. Chemosphere 10(9) 1051-1060. 

Sundstrom, D.W., Weir, B.A., and Klei, H.E., Destruction of aromatic pollutants by UV light catalyzed oxidation with hydrogen peroxide, Environ. Progr., 8(1), 6-11, 1989. 

Case Study of Tetrahydro-1,4-Oxazine (Morpholine). As in the case of aromatic pollutants, the oxidation of the N atom and the C atoms was observed with or without the destruction of the morpholine cycle (92). Also, the abstraction of H atoms to form methyl groups was illustrated by the formation of A-hydroxyamino-2-ethenyl ethyl ether, /V-formyl-formamine, and acetate ions. When the starting morpholine concentration was increased, intermediate products with mass peaks much greater than the molecular mass of morpholine were detected, showing that coupling reactions occurred the concentrations of these intermediates were very low. 

Pichat P, Guillard C, Maillard C, Amalric L, D Oliveira JC. Ti02 photo-catalytic destruction of water aromatic pollutants intermediates properties-degradability correlation effects of inorganic ions and Ti02 surface area comparisons with H202 processes. In Ollis DF, Al-Ekabi H, eds. Photo-catalytic Purification and Treatment of Water and Air. Amsterdam Elsevier, 1993 207-223. 

This section is devoted to the application of cathodic reduction for treating aliphatic and aromatic pollutants at low concentrations, and also to the dechlorination of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in aqueous media. The... 

V. CASE STUDY TREATMENT OF AROMATIC POLLUTANTS USING PEROXIDASE ENZYMES... 

The photocatalytic degradation of chlorophenols on ZnO has also been demonstrated [127]. The photocatalytic degradation of other chlorinated aromatic compounds [127], phenol [128-134], fluorinated aromatic compounds [135], and other substituted phenols and aromatic compounds [Izumi 1981, 738 Matthews 1984, 2386 Abdullah 1990, 2099 [136-141] have been demonstrated. The degradation of halogenated aromatic pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) [142] and polybrominated dibenzofiirans [143] has also been attempted. 

Fem complexes were reported as effective photocatalysts for oxidation of many different organic pollutants, eg alcohols and their derivatives [20,29] organic acids, such as formic [50,53,56], oxalic [37], citric [57], and maleic [58] EDTA [11,20-23], phenol and its derivatives [35, 36, 45,59,60], other aromatic pollutants [38,43,51, 61-64], non-biodegradable azo dyes [40, 41, 48, 55, 59, 65], herbicides [54, 66-70], pesticides [32, 46, 71, 72], insecticides [44], pharmaceuticals and wastewater from medical laboratories [39,47,73], chlorinated solvents [33,74], municipal wastewater [75], and many others [20], The photo-Fenton process was explored as photochemical pre-treatment to improve its biodegradability, especially of biorecalcitrant wastewater from the textile industry [76, 77] the method was also proposed for water disinfection [78,79],... 

Selected properties of the aromatic pollutants used in these studies are listed in Table 1. 

Rodriguez E, Nuero O, Guillen F et al (2004) Degradation of phenolic and non-phenolic aromatic pollutants by four Pleurotus species the role of laccase and versatile peroxidase. Soil Biol Biochem 36 909-916... 

Oturan s group has extensively studied the mineralization process and the oxidation intermediates of aromatic pollutants degraded in the cathodic compartment of a divided three-electrode cell with a carbon-felt working cathode surrounding... 

Nevertheless, it must be stated that total mineralization is seldom attained and that the contaminants are only transformed into other organic compounds. Aromatic pollutants producing hydroxyderivatives as intermediates that strongly absorb in the same UV range as H2O2 and Fe3+, present a low rate of destruction [10]. 

Radovic and coworkers have been interested in this issue since the early 1990s [736,674,738]. The re.sults of their experimental and modeling efforts were summarized in Section V. They endorse the it-Ji interaction proposal of Coughlin and coworkers and conclude that [c]onsensus seems to be emerging regarding the effect of chemical surface properties of carbon adsorbents on the uptake of aromatic pollutants from aqueous effluents. For aromatic pollutants such as ben-... 

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