Arab Gulf States

The C.l.S. countries dominate the anhydrous ammonia export market, currently having 30% of the market with a wide range of customers. Eastern Europe and Western Europe, as well as the United States, import large quantities of ammonia from the region. Other large importers are Morocco, Tunisia, and Jordan. The Arab Gulf states are also large exporters, mainly to India, Turkey, and countries in the Far East [51. 

DMA, The Office for Metropolitan Architecture. Retrieved September 25, 2008, from http //www.oma. eu/index.php option=com projects view=project id=443 Itemid= 10 Ouis, P. (2002b). Islamization as a strategy for reconciliation between modernity and tradition Examples from contemporary Arab Gulf states. Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations, 13(3), 315-334. 

Lebanon is still a major source of the fresh and experienced engineers to the Arab Gulf States. 

The countries referred to as the Gulf States represent the Persicui Gulf countries, namely Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar emd United Arab Emirates (UAE). 

All of the world s major economies, as well as scores of smaller, low-income nations, rely mainly on hydrocarbons. Crude oil now supplies two-fifths of the world s primary energy (Table 1). There are distinct consumption patterns in the shares of light and hea vy oil products the United States burns more than 40 percent of all its liquid fuels as gasoline, Japan just a fifth and the residual fuel oil accounts for nearly a third of Japanese use, but for less than 3 percent of the U.S. total. Small countries of the Persian Gulf have the highest per capita oil consumption (more than 5 t a year in the United Arab Emirates and in Qatar) the U.S. rate is more than 2.5 t a year European means arc around 1 t China s mean is about 120 kg, and sub-Saharan Africa is well below 100 kg per capita. 

There are a number of other regional patent application systems in operation. In Africa, two regional systems operate the African Regional Industrial Property Organization (ARIPO), formed in 1976, and the African Intellectual Property Organization (OAPI), formed in 1962. These systems have 11 and 15 member states, respectively. In the Middle East, the Gulf Cooperation Treaty operate to provide protection in six countries (for example, Saudi Arabia and The United Arab Emirates), and the Eurasian Patent System operates to provide protection in nine countries of the former Soviet Union, including Russia. 

With entire economies based on seUing oil and natural gas to fund massive, rapid growth and a per capita ecological footprint larger than the United States, the United Arab Emirates is currently one of the most unsustainable places in the world. Are Masdar City and the Masdar Initiative a first step toward genuine sustainable development in the Gulf, or a very clever... 

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