Aqueous corrosion testing

Test method for sandwich corrosion test Recommended practice for preparing, cleaning, and evaluating corrosion test specimens Practice for aqueous corrosion testing of samples of zirconium and zirconium alloys Test method for corrosion testing of products of zirconium, hafnium and their alloys in water at 633 K or in steam at 673 K [metric] Recommended practice for conventions applicable to electrochemical measurements in corrosion testing... 

A typical rack employed for installation of specimens in pilot plants is shown in Fig. 6. Both corrosion coupons, 2 X 1 X 0.35 in. thick, and bend specimens intended to determine stress-corrosion cracking susceptibility, are included in the installation for aqueous corrosion testing. Specimens are separated by high density alumina spacers to eliminate electrochemical effects. During exposure, the racks are welded to existing components in the pilot plant equipment. 

THE AQUEOUS CORROSION TESTING OF COBALT-BASE ALLOYS... 

Corrosion of metals and alloys—Aqueous corrosion testing of zirconium alloys for use in nuclear power reactors... 

The behavior of weathering low-alloy steels in aqueous corrosion tests and applications is unpredictable. In 1953, early tests on weathering steels containing copper, chromium, phosphorus, and nickel showed superior... 

An experimental programme was initiated to confirm the correctness of these precepts. Aqueous corrosion tests of several thousand hours duration have been carried out on modified N4 specimens both with and without Irradiation, and have indicated a wastage rate of not greater than 0.1 mll/year and an absence of significant pitting or crevice attack. 

The corrosion conditions can be different at the fluid line from the bulk condition. Aqueous liquids have a concave meniscus, which creates a thin film of liquid on the vessel wall immediately above the liquid line. Some corrosion processes, particularly the diffusion of dissolved gases, are more rapid in these conditions. Additionally, the concentration of dissolved gases is highest near the liquid surface, especially when agitation is poor. Locally high corrosion rates can therefore occur at the liquid line, leading to thinning in a line around the vessel. This effect is reduced if the liquid level in the vessel varies with time. Any corrosion tests undertaken as part of the materials selection procedure should take this effect into account. 

Guide for crevice corrosion testing of iron base and nickel base stainless steels in seawater and other chloride-containing aqueous environments... 

The potential of the electrified interface of a metal immersed in an aqueous solution is of fundamental importance in studying the mechanism of corrosion reactions and in corrosion testing and monitoring, and it is, therefore, of some importance to consider the factors that determine the potential of a metal in a practical environment. The determination of the potential can be achieved without difficulty, but the significance of the potential is far more complex and some of the factors that affect the potential are as follows ... 

Ebert, W. L. Mazer, J. J. 1994. Laboratory testing of waste glass aqueous corrosion effects of experimental parameters. In Barkatt, A. Van Konynenbourg, R. A. (eds) Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XVII. Materials Research Society Symposia Proceedings, 333,27-40. 

For corrosion resistance of a series of Sn RE TiO,, g (RE = Y, Yb, Gd, Sm, Nd, Pr, La) and Sri xTii yMyO3+5 (M = Nb, Ta) perovskites, the sintered specimens and sample powders were evaluated in the 50 wt % H2SO4 aqueous solution at 353K. Figure 4 shows the three-neck glass cell used for the corrosion test. After the corrosion test, dissolved A-site and B-site elements in the H2SO4 solution were measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS, Shimazu, ICPM-8500). 

Guide for Crevice Corrosion Testing of Iron-Base and Nickel-Base Stainless Alloys in Seawater and Other Chloride-Containing Aqueous Environments, G 78, Annual Book of ASTMStandards, ASTM, 1992, p 463-470... 

In contrast to aqueous corrosion typically involving loss of electrons from the dissolving metal, liquid metal corrosion is generally considered to proceed by simple solution mechanisms. The principal variables affecting corrosion in a liquid metal system are temperature or temperature range or cycling, elements present, area-to-volume ratio, purity, flow velocity, surface condition, and microstructure. In reactor applications, the neutron flux may be an additional factor. In combination, these variables produce enough complexity so that in the present state of the art, it is rarely possible to make confident predictions about the performance of a previously untried systan. Empirical tests are usually required. 

An alkyd resin containing less than 1% PANI was examined for its ability to protect carbon steel against aqueous corrosion. In field tests, in urban and marine environments, as well as in accelerated laboratory tests, the presence of PANI in the alkyd resin improved the corrosion protection of carbon steel and also the degradation resistance of the coating [214]. 

J. R. Scully and R. G. Kelly, Methods for Determining Aqueous Corrosion Reaction Rates, in AS M Handbook, Vol. 13A, Corrosion Fundamentals, Testing, and Protection, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2003, p. 73. 

Immersion corrosion tests for A12011 in different imidazolium and pyridinium derivatives with 2 to 8 chain length substituents and different anions as [BF4] , [CP3SO3], [PFe], tosylate and [N(Tf)2] diuing 30 days and also in aqueous solutions with 1 wt% or 5 wt% IL were performed [44]. In pure ILs A12011 shows no mass loss was observed and only in the case of [0 3803] some deposits were observed composed of aluminium oxide, fluorine and sulphur. In the presence of water, corrosirMi rate was greatly increased due to hydrolysis of the anion. 

Traditional standard corrosion tests assess the effects of corrosive gases on metallic surfaces in terms of the pH and conductivity of aqueous solutions of combustion products, the yield of soluble metal ions from corrosion of metal, or change in resistance of a circuit board exposed to... 

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