Aphrodisiac yohimbe

Yohimbine (36) is a well-known and reasonably available alkaloid from Corynanthe yohimbe, inter alia. For this reason, and partly because of its intrinsic pharmacological activity (including reputed aphrodisiac activity), chemists have frequently studied its properties. Oppenauer oxidation is usually attended by saponification and decarboxylation in this series, and yohimbone (37) is the product. Wolf-Kischner reduction to yohimbane (38), followed by sodium hydride mediated alkylation, leads to the analgesic agent, mimbane (39). °... 

Carbocyclic variants related to ajmalicine such as yohimbine are likely to arise from dehy-drogeissoschizine by the mechanism indicated in Figure 6.77. Yohimbine is found in Yohimbe bark (Pausinystalia yohimbe, Rubiaceae) and Aspidosperma bark (Aspidosperma species Apocy-naceae) and has been used in folk medicine as an aphrodisiac. It does have some pharmacological activity and is known to dilate blood vessels. More important examples containing the same carbocyclic ring system are the alkaloids found in species of Rauwolfla, especially R. serpentina (Apocynaceae). Reserpine and deserpi-dine (Figure 6.78) are trimethoxybenzoyl esters of yohimbine-like alkaloids, whilst rescinnamine is... 

Yohimbine Muscle relaxant Aphrodisiac Without Correlation Pausinystalia yohimbe... 

Yohimbine (104), also from the bark of C. yohimbe K Sebum, and from the roots of R. serpentina (L.) Benth. y has a folk history (unsubstantiated) of use as an aphrodisiac. Its use has been confirmed experimentally as a local anesthetic, with occasional employment for relief in angina pectoris and arteriosclerosis, but is frequently contraindicated by its undesired renal effects. Yohimbine and some of its derivatives have been reported as hallucinogenic (70). In addition, its pattern of pharmacological activities in a variety of animal models is so broad that its general use is avoided All ten carbon atoms of secologanin (102) as well as the entire skeleton of tryptamine (98, R = H) are clearly seen as intact portions of this alkaloid... 

Yohimbe (Pausinystalia yohimbe) is a purported aphrodisiac that contains a number of alkaloids, including yohimbine. This compound has been used in prescription formulations as a treatment for certain types of impotence (Sonda et al., 1990) but has been reported to cause serious adverse reactions (Grossman et al., 1993). Despite the potency of yohimbine itself, there have been no reports of an adverse reaction to yohimbe in the peer-reviewed hterature. This lack of adverse reactions to yohimbe products in the United States is probably due to the very low levels (or absence) of alkaloids in dietary supplement products on the market, and adverse reactions would be expected if alkaloid levels in products were increased by manufacturers (Betz et al., 1995). 

The stem bark of P. yohimbe (= P. johimbe Corynanthe yohimbe), "yohimbe as it is known in Cameroon, Gabon and Congo is used traditionally as an aphrodisiac and stimulant to prevent sleep (41). The bark contains 1-6% of indole alkaloids, most of which are yohimbane-type alkaloids, the main one being yohimbine [7], which is structurally related to reserpine [8] (89). Yohimbine is a selective inhibitor of a-2- adrenergic receptors and, while at low dose it has hypertensive activity, at high dose it is hypotensive (vasodilation of peripheral vessels). It is the vasodilation of peripheral vessels, and especially vasodilation of the corpus cavemosum, which is the cause of the reputation of yohimbine as an aphrodisiac (90). Tests have shown, indeed, that increased... 

Yhimbine and Yohimbe were used in folk medicine as aphrodisiacs for a long time. 

Yohimbine, a tree-bark derivative also known as yohimbe, is widely used as an aphrodisiac. This can be explained by yohimbine s central 2 -adrenergic antagonistic effects, which increase catecholamines and improves mood. However, some investigators believe that yohimbine has peripheral proerectogenic effects. It has been postulated that... 

Yohimbine Corynanthe yohimbe Stimulant purported aphrodisiac Hallucinations MAO Inhibition hypertension irritability gastrointestinal irritation. 

Yohimbine Corynantbe yohimbe 1 Purported aphrodisiac mild hallucinogen alpha2-adrenergic blocker... 

Pausinystalia yohimba Corynanthe johimbe) (Rubiaceae) is an evergreen tree that grows wild in the southern areas of Africa, and is known locally as yohimbe. The bark of P. yohimba has been used as an aphrodisiac drug for centuries. 

The bark of the tree Corynanthe yohimbe (Rubiaceae), indigenous to the Cameroons and the Congo Republic (formerly French Congo), has been used in the treatment of arteriosclerosis and is said to be an aphrodisiac. The princi-... 

Corynanthe yohimbe (Pausinystalia yohimbe Rubiaceae) is a evergreen tree native to the southern part of Africa and to Cameroon, Nigeria, and Zaire. Occasionally it is planted in tropical countries. Its bark coontains a total of 0.3%-1.5% alkaloids. The well known indole alkaloid yohimbine has been obtained as a major alkaloid from the bark. The bark has been used traditionally as an aphrodisiac by African natives. Yohimbine hydrochloride is used as an adrenergic blocker for humans. 

In modem medicine, the medicinal plant-derived products are increasingly being sought after as pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals for the treatment of several ailments due to their efficacy and cost-effectiveness. Rubiaceae family, consisting of 13,200 species, is of special interest as they contain economically and medicinally important members [1]. Coffee from Cojfea spp. is considered as second most economically precious commodity after oil worldwide. Furthermore, Rubiaceae family is also often regarded as coffee family. Quinine is the first and most effective antimalarial which is also used as antipyretic and analgesic and antiinflammatory agent, discovered from Cinchona spp. provides evidence for the cmcial role of Rubiaceae family members in the medicinal field [2]. Yohimbe is an aphrodisiac derived from Pausinystalia yohimbe available as prescribed medicine and recently received an exploration as remedy for type 2 diabetes [3]. 

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