Antislip

Figure 4.24 Gradient elution of antislips and antistats ELSD detection. After Alden and Woodman [829]. Reproduced by permission of the authors...

Tall oil is made up mostly of resin acids with around 10% of neutral components. These resin acids are isomers or structurally close relatives of abietic acid (Figure 2.9) and are used as antislip agents, as a chemical feedstock and as paper-sizing agents (see Chapter 7). 

All of these problems are more severe at high hand builder concentrations. Selection criteria for products that add stiffness and/or fullness include cost, ease of application, compatibility with other chemicals present in the finishing bath and, of course, the properties of the resulting finished fabrics and their degree of permanence. Hand builders provide antislip effects and can be used for antipilUng. Obviously the stiffening effect is not compatible with an elastomeric finish. 

The LURAPRET types are colloidal solutions of silicic acid, and they are used as antislip agents in textile finishing. The antislip effect is impaired by softening agents. 

Rapeseed has long been a source of cooking oil and has important industrial uses such as lubricants for high-temperature applications, especially those leading to environmental release of the lubricant antislip agents in plastics manufacturing fabric softeners and additional oleochemical applications. However, the emcic acid... 

Chemical additives on the surfaces of container closure system component fabrication machinery, such as mould release agents, antistatic and antislip agents, etc. 

Plastics that are commonly processed by extrusion include acrylics (polymethacrylates, polyacrylates) and copolymers of acrylonitrile cellulosics (cellulose acetate, propionate, and acetate butyrate) polyethylene (low and high density) polypropylene polystyrene vinyl plastics polycarbonates and nylons. The material properties and extrusion properties have been reviewed by Whelan and Dunning.Additives that may be included to modify or enhance proper-ties include lubricants and antislip agents to assist processing during extrusion plasticizers to achieve softness and flexibility stabilizers and antioxidants to retard or prevent degradation and dyes and pigments. 

Use Abrasive grains and powders for cutting, grinding, and polishing valve-grinding compounds grinding wheels coated abrasive products antislip tiles and treads refractory grains. 

Some commercial durable antistatic finishes have been listed in Table 3 (98). Early patents suggest that amino resins (qv) can impart both antislip and antistatic properties to nylon, acrylic, and polyester fabrics. Cyclic polyurethanes, water-soluble amine salts cross-linked with styrene, and water-soluble amine salts of sulfonated polystyrene have been claimed to confer durable antistatic protection. Later patents included dihydroxyethyl sulfone [2580-77-0]9 hydroxyalkylated cellulose or starch, poly(vinyl alcohol) [9002-86-2] cross-linked with dimethylolethylene urea, chlorotriazine derivatives, and epoxy-based products. Other patents claim the use of various acrylic polymers and copolymers. Essentially, durable antistats are polyelectrolytes, and the majority of useful products involve variations of cross-linked polyamines containing polyethoxy segments (92,99—101). 

These constituents may include additives antistatic additives, UV absorbers, antislip additives, slip additives, colourants, opacifiers, plasticisers, stabilisers, antioxidants, etc., which may be added at the compounding stage to provide specific or modified properties. However, other constituents may be present from the polymerisation and/or the converting processes. The polymerisation process may involve residues and processing aids. Residues (constituents which may remain from the polymerisation process) may include monomer(s), solvents, accelerators, catalysts, initiators, etc. Processing aids are additional substances to aid processing or restrain undesirable effects, e.g. antioxidants. 

Surface treatment can also affect the amount of bloom or surface migration of various active surface agents (lubricants, slip and antislip additives, etc.) and either subsequent migration into a product by surface abrasion or chemical removal, solubility, etc. 

Antislip 239. [Piedrnont Chem. Industries] Colloidal silica stabilizer for yarns and frd>rk preventing fiber shifting and seam slippi e. 

Antislip ASE. [Yorkshire Pat-Chem] Improves seam slippage and pile retention on textiles. 

Driton. [Sybron] Colloidal silica antislip agent for fibers. 

Florco . oridin] Attapulgite clay floor absorbent fix (til, grease, water antislip agent on floors used by automotive, steel, transptnt on, commercial, pet, fo( and beverage, institution and amusements industries. 

Lnraprrt . [BASS AG] Antislip agents for textile finishing. 

Nyacol . [PQCcap.] Colloidal silicas as binder for pkg. prods., antislip agent retention aid, and coating for paper applic. antimony pentoxide compds. as flame retardant... 

Polymekon . Petrolite/Polymers] Mi-CTOcrystalline wax antislip and antimar agent fex paint and ink industries. 

Reactosfl. [Ivax Industries] Silicones ftextile finishing, softening, antislip, lubrication. 

Sisellig. [Ceca SA] Antislip, anti-aggl(Mnerant for fibm. 

Syno. [Sidney Springer] Antim rants, antibleeds, antislips, ment biiulers, lubricants, cleaners, dye fixatives, penetrants, ddustrants, softeners for textiles. 

Antislip applications. Ground scrap rnbber embedded into a snitable matrix should have good antislip properties. Possible nse aronnd swimming pools represents the first effort in this application area [4]. 

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