Anthracene-2-sulfonic acid

Anthracene-9-sulfonic acid, see Anthracene Anthranilic acid, see Azinnhos-methvl. Bentazone. Indole... 

Abbreviations AAO anodic aluminium oxides ANSA 5-aminonaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid APS—Ammonium persulphate ASA — Anthracene Sulfonic acids CB — conduction band CPs — conducting polymers CSA... 

Michira, I. N. Klink, M. R.O. Akinyeye Somerset, V. M. Sekota Al-Ahmed, A. P.G.L. Baker Iwuoha, E. I. In Recent advances in analytical electrochemistry Anthracene sulfonic acid-doped polyanilines electrodynamics and application as amperometric peroxide biosensor Kenneth, O. Ed. Chapter 5 Transworld Research Network Karala India, 2007 Vol., pp. 137. 

Alizarin Red S (3,4-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxo-2-anthracene sulfonic acid, Na salt. H2O) [130-22-3] M 360.4, pKj <1, pK 5.49, pK 10.85 (11.01). Commercial samples contain large amounts of sodium and potassium chlorides and sulfates. It is purified by passing through a Sephadex G-10 column (size exclusion column), followed by elution with water, then 50% aqueous EtOH [King Pmden Analyst (London) 93 601 1968]. Finally dissolve it in EtOH and precipitate it with Et20 several times [Sacconi J Phys Chem 54 829 1950, polarography Fumam Stone J Am Chem Soc 70 3055 1948, Beilstein 11 IV 682.]... 

Carbonaceous materials are obtained via heat treatment from various sources, including coal, liquefied coal, coke, petroleum, resins, carbon blacks, paraffins, olefins, pitch, tar, polycyclic aromatic compounds (naphthalene, biphenyl, naphthalene sulfonic acid, anthracene sulfonic acid, phenanthrene sulfonic acid, etc.), polymers (polyethylene, polymethylacrylale, polyvinyl chloride, phenol resin, polyacrylonitrile, etc.) [99-101J. This kind of fluids is claimed to. show a strong ER effect, low electric power consumption and excellent durability [101]. Several publications addressed the ER effect and physical properties of carbonaceous ER fluids [102-104]. 

Amino-9,10-dihydro-4-l 3- [ (2-hydroxyethyl)-sulfonyl)anilinol-9,10-dioxo-2-anthracene-sulfonic acid, hydrogen sulfate (ester), disodium salt... 

Dyes, Dye Intermediates, and Naphthalene. Several thousand different synthetic dyes are known, having a total worldwide consumption of 298 million kg/yr (see Dyes AND dye intermediates). Many dyes contain some form of sulfonate as —SO H, —SO Na, or —SO2NH2. Acid dyes, solvent dyes, basic dyes, disperse dyes, fiber-reactive dyes, and vat dyes can have one or more sulfonic acid groups incorporated into their molecular stmcture. The raw materials used for the manufacture of dyes are mainly aromatic hydrocarbons (67—74) and include ben2ene, toluene, naphthalene, anthracene, pyrene, phenol (qv), pyridine, and carba2ole. Anthraquinone sulfonic acid is an important dye intermediate and is prepared by sulfonation of anthraquinone using sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid. 

Electron transfer was mediated by metallic silver colloids whose surfaces contained either a strong (SH ) or a weak (CN ) nucleophile [531]. The former case is illustrated by changes in the absorption spectrum of a 1.0 x 10 4 M, deaerated solution of metallic silver particles, subsequent to the consecutive addition of 2.0 x 10 4 M NaSH and 3.0 x 10-4 M anthracene quinone sulfonic acid, AQS (Fig. 85) [506]. The origin of the intensity decrease and the broadening of the silver plasmon absorption band upon the addition of nucleophilic SH is incompletely understood. However, that an absorption... 

Apart from further stilbenes23 containing sulfonic acid groups, reaction has also been observed with methyl-substituted tolans,21,24 bi-and terphenyls,21,22 naphthalenes,21,22,25 anthracenes,21,22 phenan-threnes,21,22 and even benzenes,21,22 whereby up to four methyl groups can be brought to react. 

Anthracene is well known to undergo photodimerization. Tamaki investigated photodimerization of anthracene-2-sulfonic acid (2-AS) in aqueous solution [77], The 2-AS forms a 2 1 complex with y-CI), but the ratio of the four photodimers was not affected by the presence of y-CD. In contrast, 2-AS was supposed to form a 2 2 complex and photodimerization gave single photodimer of anh -head-tail structure [78],... 

Fig. 6.3. Effect of sodium dodecylsulfate in the mobile phase upon electrochromatography of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on a C18-derivatized continuous bed containing sulfonic acid groups (Reprinted with permission from [30]. Copyright 1996 American Chemical Society). Capillary 14 cm (10 cm effective length) x 100 pm i.d. Applied voltage 3.0 kV Eluent 60% (v/v) acetonitrile in 4 mmol/1 sodium phosphate (pH 7.4). (a) 1.0 mmol/1 SDS added to the eluent (b) without addition of SDS (control). Peaks naphthalene (1), 2-methylnaphthalene (2), fluorene (3), phenanthrene (4), anthracene (5).

Anthraquinone is being made at pilot plant scale from anthracene. The Ce3+/4+ couple is used with methane sulfonic acids. The steps involve anodic oxidation of Ce3+ and the use of Ce4+ outside the cell to convert naphthalene to napthaquinone, which is then converted to anthraquinone via a step involving butadiene. 

Problem 30.22 Account for the following observations (a) Upon treatment with hydrogen and nickel, 9,10-dihydroanthracene yields 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroanthracene. (b) In contrast to bromination, sulfonation of anthracene yields the 1-sulfonic acid. 

Derivation Anthracene is oxidized to anthraqui-none, the sulfonic acid of which is then fused with caustic soda and potassium chlorate the melt is run into hot water and the alizarin precipitated with hydrochloric acid. Occurs naturally in madder root. 

Sulfonation of anthracene 63 Anthracene is sulfonated by the complex in dioxane almost completely to the 9-sulfonic acid. The equilibrium concentrations depend in a high degree on the temperature a rise in temperature increases the amount of anthracene. However, by controlling the reaction temperature to 40°, sodium anthra-cene-9-sulfonate can be obtained in 70% yield in the reasonable reaction time of 20 hrs. 

Anthracene or pyrene or anthraquinone 2-sulfonic acid or pyrene 1-sulfonic acid p,p -Diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, triisocyanate, THF, bis-phenol A, 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene Fluorescence sensor [129]... 

The 2-sulfonic acid as well as disulfonic acid is formed on sulfonation of anthracene.155 Sulfonation of anthraquinone156 and of phenanthrene157 has been examined in more detail the latter affords 2- and 3-phenanthrenesulfonic acid, which can be separated as described by Fieser.158... 

Dioxo-9,10-dihydro-anthracene-2-sulfonic acid, sodium salt. See Sodium 2-anthraquinone sulfonate... 

Oxobenz (de) anthracene. See Benzanthrone P-Oxobenzenepropanoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl benzoyl acetate 2-Oxo-1,2-benzopyran. SeeCoumarin 2-Oxobornane. See Camphor a-(2-Oxoborn-3-ylidene) toluene-4 sulfonic acid. See Benzylidene camphor sulfonic acid... 

Di hydro-9,10-dioxo-2-anthracenesulfonic acid, sodium salt 9,10-Dioxo-9,10-dihydro-anthracene-2-sulfonic acid, sodium salt Silver salt Sodium 9,10-anthraquinone-2-sulfonate Sodium p-anthraquinonesulfonate Sodium anthraquinone-p-sulfonate 2-Sulfoanthraquinone sodium salt Empirical C14H7O5S Na Properties Cryst. sparingly sol. in water m.w. 310.26 m.p. 300 C... 

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