Scale-up from pilot plant

Experience in solvent extraction processes has shown that such processes can be scaled up from pilot plant—or even bench-scale—data quite reliably. This is particularly evident in processes employing mixer-settlers. However, scale-up will only be as reliable as the data on which it is based, and time spent in obtaining the correct and relevant data will always pay dividends. 

Description of the logic behind all pertinent activities that occurred during scale-up, from pilot plant production to phase 3 clinical production. Discuss problems, failures, and so on. Justify the absence of equivalency concerns despite differences in process parameters, equipment, facilities, and systems. Description of the logic behind all pertinent activities that occurred during technology transfer from phase 3 clinical... 

Agitated and Rotating Batch Dryers Scale up from pilot-plant tests in a small-scale dryer at the same temperature and pressure and similar agitation conditions. As noted under scoping design, scale-up depends on the surface area/volume ratio, and hence normally to the one-third power of mass. Results from one dryer type may be extrapolated to a different type if assumptions are made on the heat transfer coefficients in both dryers obviously this is less reliable than measurements on the same dryer type. 

Entrainment Dryers In design mode, the required gas flow rate can be obtained from a heat and mass balance. For pneumatic conveying dryers, duct cross-sectional area and diameter are found from the scoping design calculation (if required gas velocity is unknown, a typical value is 20 m/s). Duct length can be estimated by an incremental model, but some parameters are hard to obtain and conditions change rapidly near the feed point, so the model is most effective for scaling up from pilot-plant data see Kemp and Oakley (2002). Spray... 

The development of the Spherizone technology started in 1995 and was subsequently scaled up from pilot plant to commercial size in 2002, when the new multi-zone circulating reactor (MZCR) was installed at Basell s plant in Brindisi, Italy. 

Scale up from pilot plant to a large scale reactor. 

Figure 10.5 Particles obtained with 0.1% seed in the lab and during scale-up from pilot plant to production.

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