Anomalous responses

Fig. 4X When x-cut quartz is subjected to impact loading whose duration is less than wave transit time, an anomalous current pulse can be observed after the stress release. The diagram shows locations at which experiments were conducted and delineates the region of normal and anomalous response (after Graham and Ingram ([72G03]).

Fig. 4.9. The data of Fig. 4.8 are represented in the electric-field, stress plane to show that the anomalous response occurs above a critical stress and critical electric field. The response is found to be due to dielectric loss or shock-induced conduction (after Davison and Graham [79D01]).

Figure 5.15. anomalous responses that can occur with an electron capture detector operated in the d-c mode (Ref.182, with permission). The chromatograms depicted are illustrative of observed phenomena ... 

Fritz, D., Garzo, G., Szekely, T., Till, F. Anomalous response of the flame ionisation detector to organosilicon compounds. Acta Chim. Hung. 45, 302 (1965). —... 

Anomalous response to the NADH oxidase in animal cells, such as amiloride-insensitive proton transport, may be based on activation of the H+-ATPase or direct electron transport-linked proton transfer. Further definition of the components of the NADH oxidase and the characteristics of electron transport are needed. In addition, the presence of a poorly characterized glutathione oxidase in the plasma membrane opens an alternative for oxidation-reduction control of proton transport. At this stage no evidence has been found for control of HCOj/Cl" exchange or organic acid transport by the plasma membrane oxidase. 

No response is obtained with compounds where there are other substituents on the nitrogen atom. Anomalous responses are obtained with parametha-dione and theophylline (violet), and with cycloserine, idoxuridine, methoin, niridazole, riboflavine (no response). 

The anomalous response of the flame ionisation detector in the analysis of organosilicon compounds has been investigated454,455. The behaviour of the compounds was studied on columns of silicone elastomer on Chromosorb or Celite. Above a critical sample size, the top of the peak became inverted, the maximum height remaining the same, but the depth of the inverted portion increased with increasing sample size. 

This account is drawn from the description in Violette and Chestnut (1983). Violette and Chestnut note that Mulligan s interviewers began each valuation question with a suggested initial bid of SS. It is well known that such a procedure greatly biases the results, and this too could explain a portion of the anomalous response. 

Allcock P, Snow PA (2001) Time-resolved sensing of organic vapors in low modulating porous silicon dielectric mirrors. J Appl Phys 90(10) 5052-5057 Amato G, Boarino L, Bellotti F (2004) On the apparently anomalous response of porous silicon to nitrogen dioxide. Appl Phys Lett 85 4409 411... 

High responsiveness is often found in a stability edge of a physical property, or near a structural phase transition. The commonly referred phase transitions are thermally driven structural instabilities in which ionic displace-ments/rearrangements occur in the crystal structure at a critical temperature Tc- In other words, at the crystal structure of the high temperature phase becomes unstable and the ions will form a new crystal structure with lower crystal symmetry below Tc- As a signature of structural phase transitions, at least one physical quantity vanishes, or appears, or becomes discontinuous. Phase transitions can be induced by temperature or field changes, and are the origin of anomalous responses in many crystalline systems that are considered passive functional materials. 

TCEP was employed by Barrall and Ballinger and Bonelli and Hartmann to avoid interference by the halogen derivatives in the determination of lead alkyls with electron capture detection. In both instances the column was made by employing silanized Chromosorb or silanized Chromosorb W as the solid support. Observations by Soulagers indicate that the lead alkyls are decomposed in columns of 20% TCEP on silanized Chromosorb W at 50°C. It is possible that this decomposition is one of the causes of the anomalous response factors found by the above authors. Chromosorb P alkalinized with 1% potassium hydroxide works satisfactorily up to 100°C, the maximum temperature tested. Columns of polypropylene glycol 400 on Chromosorb P which have not been alkali-treated do not decompose these substances. 

Ahmed, I. Krishnamoorthy, G. Anomalous response of oxonol-V to membrane potential in mitochondrial proton pumps. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, Bioenerg. 1994, 1188, 131-138. 

Specially designed, so-called warpless baseplates prevented pressure-generated tilt noise fi om contaminating horizontal components. The electronics are housed in a separate enclosure which is not sealed and which can require regular replacement of desiccant to avoid anomalous response characteristics (Hutt and Ringler 2011). 

A theoretical study of the current-time relationship aimed at the explanation of anomalous response in differential pulse polarography was reported by Lovric and Zelic. The effect was explained by the adsorption of reactant at the electrode surface (Lovric Zelic, 2008). The situation connected with the formation of metal preconcentration at the electrode surface, followed by electrodissolution was modelled by Cutters and Compton. The theory to explore the electrochemical signals in such a case at a microelectrode or ultramicroelectrode arrays was derived (Cutress Compton, 2009). 

PIB was chosen because water vapor absorption is very poor into this apolar, hydrophobic material. Water was stucUed as the test vapor because from prior experience it had showed the worst anomalous responses and its polar and hydrogen-bond properties would favour interfacial adsorption at polar silica and alumina sites. The design of the experiments was specifically intended to be a worst case scenario for vapor absorption in the polymo film and a best case scenario for vapor adsorption at the SAW device surface olymer interface. This arrangement tests the SAW device in the most favourable environment for evaluating interfacial effects. The results and inq>lications for SAW device fabricati[Pg.285]

Kim TH, Lee J et al (2009) Highly selective environmental nanoscarsms based on anomalous response of carbon nanotube conductance to mercury ions. J Phys Chem C 113(45) 19393-19396... 

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