Animal feed analysis

P. Randall, Use of NIRA in animal feed analysis, in Proc. Inti Symp. on NIRA, Technicon Instrs., Tarrytown, NY, 1984. 

The following data were collected as part of a study to determine the effect of sampling variance on the analysis of drug animal-feed formulations.2... 

Numerous high pressure Hquid chromatographic techniques have been reported for specific sample forms vegetable oHs (55,56), animal feeds (57,58), seta (59,60), plasma (61,62), foods (63,64), and tissues (63). Some of the methods requite a saponification step to remove fats, to release tocopherols from ceHs, and/or to free tocopherols from their esters. AH requite an extraction step to remove the tocopherols from the sample matrix. The methods include both normal and reverse-phase hplc with either uv absorbance or fluorescence detection. AppHcation of supercritical fluid (qv) chromatography has been reported for analysis of tocopherols in marine oHs (65). 

Mycotoxins, toxic metaboUtes of some fungi, can be assayed by immunochemical techniques to determine concentration in animal feed and foodstuffs. Some of the analytes assayed in kits and the detection limits are Hsted in Table 4 (45). These assays are especially advantageous for routine analysis of large samples of foodstuffs (45,46). 

The analysis of cocoa shell (7) is given in Table 4. In the United States, shells are often used as mulch or fertilizer for ornamental and edible plants, as animal feed, and as fuel for boilers. 

In a Food and Dmg Administration (FDA) summary of the levels of pesticides in ready-to-eat foods in the 10-year period from 1982 to 1991, methyl parathion was found 12 times in 8 kinds of food, at an average concentration of 0.0035 ppm (Kan-Do Office and Pesticides Team 1995). A 5-year analysis of domestic and imported foods and animal feeds for the years 1982-1986 detected 94 samples out of 19,851 total samples that contained methyl parathion (Hundley et al. 1988). Eighty-nine of the samples had concentrations in the range of 0.05-0.5 ppm, and five had levels ranging from 1.0 to 2.0 ppm. Methyl parathion was found in celery, citms, coriander, cantaloupe, Chinese peas, hay, alfalfa feed, Italian squash, lettuce, mustard greens, okra, parsley, peppers, spinach, strawberries, tomatillos, and tomatoes. 

SCHOFIELD p, MBUGUA D M and PELL A N (2001) Analysis of condensed tannins a review, Anim Feed Sci Tech, 91, 21-40. 

Sharman, M. and Gilbert, J., Automated aflatoxin analysis of foods and animal feeds using immunoaffinity column clean-up and high-performance liquid chromatographic determination, /. Chromatogr., 543, 220, 1991. 

Hutchins SR, White MV, Hudson FM, Fine DD (2007) Analysis of lagoon samples from different concentrated animal feeding operations for estrogens and estrogen conjugates. Environ Sci Technol 41 738-744... 

Steyn PS, Thiel PG, Trinder DW (1991) Detection and quantification of mycotoxins in animal feeds by chemical analysis. In Smith JE, Henderson RS (eds) Mycotoxins and animal foods. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp 165-222... 

The Charm Test was initially applied to the analysis of 3-lactam residues in milk although its application to the analysis of body, fluids, meat extracts, and fermentation broths was indicated. There appears to be no rationale why this basic procedure cannot be applied to all types of matrices (water, soil, animal feeds, premixes). ... 

BS 5766 (1979) Analysis of Animal Feeding Stuffs, Part I, Determination of Crude Ash. British Standards Institute, London. ISO 5984-1978, International Organization for Standardization, Geneva. 

Padmore, J.M. (1990) Animal feed. In Helrich, K. (ed.) Official Methods of Analysis, 15th edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, Virginia. 

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