Animal fats inedible

In the United States, more than 16.3 x 10 kg of human-inedible raw materials are available each year, and the rendering industry is a valuable asset in diverting these into valuable ingredients for use primarily in animal foods (4). The three largest meat packers are responsible for nearly four-fifths of aU red meat production (5) and enormous amounts of rendered meat meal and animal fat. Three broiler producers account for about 40% of the total broiler production. American Proteins, Inc. (RosweU, Georgia), the world s largest processor of poultry by-products, produces more than 450,000 t of poultry meal, feather meal, and poultry fat each year. It also produces more than 100,000 t of fish meal, fish oil, and fish products each year. Pish meal production worldwide in 1986 was estimated at 6.23 x 10 t, which with the 125 x 10 t of meat and bone meal plus 6.67 x 10 t of feather meal and poultry by-product meal (6) is the primary source of animal proteins used by the pet food industry. 

Rendered beef, pork, poultry, and other animal fats are not well reported internationally, and global statistics are unreliable. Total production of fats in the United States by the rendering industry for 2000 is estimated at 4.18 million metric tons.68 Outputs of all rendering facilities captive to integrated broiler operations might not be included. Of the amount reported, 76 percent is inedible tallows and greases, 18 percent is edible beef or mutton tallows, and 6 percent is edible pork lard. 

Rendering produced an estimated 4.18 million metric tons of animal fats was produced in the United States in 2000 by rendering.87 Of this amount, approximately 18 percent and 6 percent were edible tallow and lard, respectively, and 41 percent and 35 percent were inedible tallow and grease. Approximately 15 percent and 34 percent of the edible tallow and lard, respectively, and 37 percent of the inedible tallow and grease were exported. Of the inedible tallow and grease used in the United States, an estimated 75 percent was used as animal feed, 16 percent was converted to fatty acids by the oleochemicals industry, 4 percent was used in soaps, and 3 percent in lubricants. Inedible animal fats are the lowest cost domestic fat sources. Their market price per pound sometimes is less than fuel oil, and rendering plants have chosen to bum them as fuels. In 2001, animal fats were included with vegetable oils for federally supported trials of biodiesel fuel. 

Domestically, methyl esters are made from soybean oil, spent frying oils, and inedible animal fats. Palm oil is used in Southeast Asia, and rapeseed in Europe. Although appreciable in quantity, supplies of such materials actually are small compared with the amount of TAG that would be required if significant quantities of methyl esters were used in fuels. Governmental support of biodiesel development has included funding of research and demonstration projects, and reducing or eliminating state or federal taxes collected for its fuel use. In turn, this funds the amount of methyl esters that can be... 

Approximately 4.1 million MT of inedible animal fats are rendered in the United States annually (Table 1). The major sources, in order of decreasing tonnage, are beef packing, pork packing, spent restaurant fats, and broiler and turkey processing. Only about 5% of the total supply of inedible fat is recovered from dead stock (1). 

Dust Control. The use of soybean oil (100, 101) and inedible animal fats (102) to reduce dustiness in swine feeding operations, especially during months of low... 

In the field of edible fats and oils, four associations provide data. The Institute of Shortening and Edible Oils, Inc., in Washington, D. C., issues a monthly report of statistics available on any of the following products cottonseed oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, corn oil, federally inspected lard, and creamery butter. Data are compiled from various government sources and may indicate consumption, supplies, and disappearance, including exports and re-exports. In addition some price information, as well as some statistics on inedible oils, such as tung, linseed, animal fats, and greases, are assembled. 

Grease production data are often lumped with that for inedible tallow. Greases constitute about 45% of this total and are used exclusively in nonedible applications. In the United States, the use of yellow grease in animal feeds is increasing yearly and in 2000 accounted for 36% of total feed fat usage (62). 

The largest use for inedible fats worldwide is in animal feeds. Domestic use in various feeds is shown in Table 2. Approximately 56.2% is used in broiler and turkey feeds, and another 2.7% in feeding poultry layers (29). It has been estimated... 

The majority of the rendered fat produced is inedible tallow and grease. A large portion of the market for inedible tallow and grease is accounted for by animal... 

The processing of inedible animals and meats into livestock feeds, industrial/fats and oils, and fertilizers. 

Animal by-products, condemned carcasses and parts from packing plants, trimmings and bones from butcher shops, spent frying fats/oils, and fats collected from restaurant and food service kitchen grease traps are dry-rendered to produce inedible fats and oils. 

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