Nitroglycerin angina pectoris

Pharmaceuticals, used in salves and dressings, antibiotic preparations, capsules, and suppositories used as a vasodialator for angina pectoris (nitroglycerine). 

This new dosage form recently was introduced to the pharmaceutical industry. Transdermal preparations now are commercially available for the alleviation of the symptoms of motion sickness (scopolamine), to provide symptomatic relief of angina pectoris (nitroglycerin), and for replacement estrogen therapy (estradiol), Transdermal systems offer advantages commonly associated with con-... 

Nitroglycerin remains the dmg of choice for treatment of angina pectoris. It has also been found useful for the treatment of congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular disease, such as Raynaud s disease, and mitral insufficiency, although the benefits of nitroglycerin in mitral insufficiency have been questioned. 

Other P"Adrenoceptor Blocking Agents. Carteolol hydrochloride (Table 1) is also a Class II antiarrhythmic agent. In three separate studies in patients having angina pectoris, carteolol was considered effective as evidenced by a reduction in the frequency and severity of anginal episodes, reduction in the amount of nitroglycerin consumed, improvement of ECG parameters, or an increase in the duration of trea dmill exercise (42). 

Each of the transdermal nitroglycerin systems is effective in treating angina pectoris when worn for 12—16 h followed by an off period. The FDA recommends the period without dmg (8—12 h) to mitigate the possibiUty of the patient acquiring a tolerance to the antianginal effects of nitrate therapy. Thus, a noncontinuous dosing schedule of nitrates is recommended even with the transdermal deflvery system (81). 

Nitroglycerin has long been used for the treatment of acute attack of angina pectoris, and its stable analogs are available to prevent the anginal attack. Nitrovaso-dilators such as sodium nitropmsside liberate NO from their molecules in the tissue (thus, called NO donors) and elicit actions via cyclic GMP like those seen with endogenously synthesized NO. 

Murell, W., Nitroglycerin as a remedy for angina pectoris. Lancet i (1879),... 

Bray CL, Jain S, Faragher EB, Myers A, Myers P, MacIntyre P, Rae A, Goldman M, and Alcorn M (1991) A comparison of buccal nitroglycerin and sublingual nitroglycerin in the prophylaxis and treatment of exertional (situation-evoked) angina pectoris. Eur. Heart J. 12 Suppl A 16-20. 

Nitroglycerin Angina pectoris Suscard, Cardilate, Nitrobid, Nitromex, Nitrong... 

Nitroglycerine, as mentioned, is an rmstable explosive. It is also used as a vasodilator to reduce high blood pressure and angina pectoris by dilating the blood vessels of heart patients whose hearts are not receiving an adequate blood supply. 

The drug nitroglycerin (glyceryl trinitrate), which is used in the treatment of angina pectoris, releases NO in the bloodstream and thereby leads to better perfusion of cardiac muscle. 

Uses. Manufacture of dynamite, gun powder and rocket propellants, and as a therapeutic agent primarily to alleviate angina pectoris. Note Workers engaged in the production or use of dynamite are potentially exposed to mixed vapors of nitroglycerin (NG) and ethylene glycol dinitrate (EGDN). 

The main drngs nsed for myocardial ischema therapy and for relieving pain in angina pectoris are nitrates and nitrites (nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate, and pentaerythritol tetranitrate) snbstances that snppress adrenergic systems of the heart—j3-adrenoblockers (atenolol, methoprolol, propranolol, and nadolol), and Ca + channel blockers (verapamil, diltiazem, nifedipine, and nicardipine) as well as a few older drugs, in particular papaverine and dipyridamole. 

More than 100 years ago, it was observed that amylnitrate and nitroglycerine relieve pain in angina pectoris, and since nitrites and nitrates have the ability to dilate vessels, thus moderately increasing blood flow to the myocardium, it became customary to think that dilation of coronary vessels alleviates the condition of angina pectoris. 

Nitroglycerine is used mainly for relieving severe and chronic angina pectoris attacks and myocardial infractions.Synonyms of this drug are trinitroglycerine, trinitrol, trinitrin, and many others. 

Nitrate-free interval Several clinical trials of nitroglycerin in patients with angina pectoris have evaluated regimens that incorporated a 10- to 12-hour nitrate-free interval. 

There is little doubt concerning the effectiveness of nitroglycerin in the treatment of angina pectoris. 

The latest entrant in the neurotransmitter lineup is NO, nitric oxide, the first neurotransmitter discovered in the gas phase. For decades physicians and pharmacologists have been aware of the ability of nitrates to dilate blood vessels. Compounds like nitroglycerin are key tools in the control of angina pectoris, constriction of the coronary arteries. Yet no one knew exactly how the nitrates performed their feat until recently. The notariety of Viagra attests to the interest in products which affect NO systems. More about the synthesis and actions of NO will be described shortly. 

Its properties resemble those of the preceding substance. One molecule of nitric acid is readily lost by the compound, which is then transformed into triethanolamine trinitrate. The latter is also unstable and inclined to undergo decomposition. Diphosphoric salt of the trinitric ester was claimed to be an effective remedy against angina pectoris, instead of nitroglycerine. 

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