Lithium anesthetics

Examples abound regarding the role of serendipity in the discovery of new therapeutic approaches, which on closer examination usually turned out to be the result of clinicians paying attention to unexpected clinical effects rather than discounting them. For example, lithium was tried first for hypertension, chlorpro-mazine was initially developed as an anesthetic, and imipramine was originally regarded as an antihistamine and an antipsychotic agent. Without astute clinical observations, these drugs would not have found their niche, nor would clozapine have been revived for the benefit of millions of the most difficult to treat schizophrenic patients. Other examples include the expanded indications of newer... 

Dimethoxyethane, in lithium cells, 3 459 Dimethoxymethane, anesthetic properties of, 2 69... 

Drugs that may be affected by methyidopa include haloperidol, levodopa, lithium, sympathomimetics, MAOIs, anesthetics, and phenothiazines. 

A poly (vinylchloride) membrane electrode was described for local anesthetics, based on dibenzo-24-crown-8 as the electroactive material, and di(2-ethyl)hexyl phthalate as the plasticizer [74]. It was reported that the electrode exhibited a Nemstian response to procaine, and other electrode properties were also presented. The analysis was performed at pH 6 to 6.5 vs. S.C.E., with a 0.2 M lithium acetate agar bridge. Less efficient crown ethers studied at this time were benzo-15-crown-5, dibenzo-18-crown-6, and dibenzo-30-crown-10. 

Drug Interactions Other antihypertensive agents Carbamazepine (vasodilators, ACE inhibitors, Rifampin diuretics, and beta-blockers) Phenobarbital Digoxin Cyclosporine Disopyramide Theophylline Flecainide Inhalation anesthetics Quinidine Neuromuscular blocking agents Cimetidine Lithium ... 

Lipinski Rule of Five. 40. 55. 62 Lipitor. See Atorvastatin Lipophilicity.. 31. 65 Lipoprotcias clas.ses of. 657-658 metabolism of. 657-658 structure of. 657. 6S7f Lipotropins. 84.3-844 LiqucHed phenol. 221 Lisinopril. 645-646 Li.sier. Joseph. 217. 221 Lithane. See Lithium carbonate Lithium carbonate. 503 Lithium citrate. 503 Liver, drug metabolism in. 7—8. 66-68 LKTs. 820. 822 Local anesthetics. 676-694 alkaloids. 690... 

Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with acyclovir, alcohol, amphetamines, barbiturates, CNS depressants, fluoxetine, furazolidone, general anesthetics, glycopyrrolate, glycopyrronium, isocarboxazid, linezolid, lithium, MAO inhibitors, moclobemide, phenelzine, phenobarbital, phenothiazines, rasagiline, ritonavir, selegiline, sibutramine, SSRIs, tranquilizers, tranylcypromine, tricyclic antidepressants, val acyclovir... 

Answer E. Lithium inhibits the dephosphorylation of IP2 (needed for the recycling of inositol), leading to depletion of membrane PIP2. Consequently, the activation of receptors by neurotransmitters such as ACh, NE, and 5HT fails to release the second messengers IP3 and DAG. Carbamazepine and the local anesthetic procaine block axonal Na channels ethosuximide may block Ca channels in thalamic neurons. Phenelzine is a non-selective inhibitor of MAO. 

CHLORYL ANESTHETIC (75-00-3) Flammable gas (flash point -58°F/-50 = C). Reacts slowly with water, steam, or hot surfaces, producing hydrochloric acid and hydrogen chloride gas. Contact with alkali metals, aluminum, lithium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc may cause fire and explosions. Attacks common metals in the presence of moisture. Attacks some plastics and rubber. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. 

Miscellaneous hazardous materials in DOT/UN Class 9 are defined as a material which presents a hazard during transportation, but which does not meet the definition of any other hazard class. Other hazards might include anesthetic, noxious (harmful to health), elevated temperature, hazardous substance, hazardous waste, or marine pollutant. They may be encountered as solids of varying configurations, gases, and liquids. Examples include asbestos, dry ice, molten sulfur, and lithium batteries. These materials would be labeled and placarded with the Class 9 Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials placard, which is white with seven vertical black stripes on the top half. 

Rosner TM, Rosenberg M. Anesthetic problems in patients taking lithium. J Oral Surg (1981) 39, 282-5. 

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