Lithium acetate

Chemical Properties. Trimethylpentanediol, with a primary and a secondary hydroxyl group, enters into reactions characteristic of other glycols. It reacts readily with various carboxyUc acids and diacids to form esters, diesters, and polyesters (40). Some organometaUic catalysts have proven satisfactory for these reactions, the most versatile being dibutyltin oxide. Several weak bases such as triethanolamine, potassium acetate, lithium acetate, and borax are effective as stabilizers for the glycol during synthesis (41). 

Lithium Acetate. Lithium acetate [546-89 ] is obtained from reaction of lithium carbonate or lithium hydroxide and acetic acid. Crystalline lithium acetate dihydrate [6108-1 7a(/, CH2C02Li 2H20, melts congmentiy in its own water of crystallization at 57.8°C. The anhydrous salt [646-89-4] melts... 

Lithium acetate (2H2O) [546-89-4] M 102.0, m 54-56 . Crystallised from EtOH (5mL/g) by partial evaporation. 

The Acetate Ion. For the B-coefficients of lithium acetate and potassium acetate, which are of course completely dissociated in aqueous solution, Cox and Wolfenden obtained at 25°C the values +0.397 and +0.238. These large values could be due entirely to the large size of the molecular ion or could be due partly to the fact that the anion produces order in its co-sphere. To test this, Laurence and Wolfenden measured the B-coefficient of acetic acid in aqueous solution at 25°C. 

In contrast to bilateral triple-ion formation, unilateral triple-ion formation may also occur in solvents of high permittivity, when ion-pair association is increased by noncoulombic specific ion-ion interactions in solvents of low basicity such as PC or AN. Exclusive formation of anionic tripleions [A-C+A-] ", is observed in these solvents when large organic molecular anions A interact with small cations such as Li + or H+. For example, in contrast to lithium acetate in DMSO [97], where ion association is moderate, ion association as well as unilateral triple-ion formation is observed in the solvent PC [105] due to the much lower basicity of this solvent, (see Table 2)... 

Good yields of ketones can often be obtained by treatment of the lithium salt of a carboxylic acid with an alkyllithium reagent, followed by hydrolysis.The R group may be aryl or primary, secondary, or tertiary alkyl. Both MeLi and PhLi have been employed most often. The R group may be alkyl or aryl, though lithium acetate generally gives low yields. Tertiary alcohols are side products. 

Iodide and acetate salts increase the rate of reaction of Li [1] with CH3I at 25 °C in acetic acid. The effects of water, LiBF4, and other additives are also reported. Iodide salts also promote catalytic methanol carbonylation at low water concentrations. In the case of Lil promoter, lithium acetate is produced. The promotional effects of iodide and acetate on both the model and catalytic systems are rationalized in terms of iodide or acetate coordination to (1) to yield five-coordinate RhI anions as reactive intermediates for rate-determining reactions with CH3I.11... 

Gietz, R. D., and Woods, R. A. (2002). Transformation of yeast by lithium acetate/single-stranded carrier DNA/polyethylene glycol method. Methods Enzymol. 350, 87-96. 

A very recent addition to the already powerful spectrum of microwave Heck chemistry has been the development of a general procedure for carrying out oxidative Heck couplings, that is, the palladium)11)-catalyzed carbon-carbon coupling of arylboronic acids with alkenes using copper(II) acetate as a reoxidant [25], In a 2003 publication (Scheme 6.6), Larhed and coworkers utilized lithium acetate as a base and the polar and aprotic N,N-dimethylformamide as solvent. The coupling... 

Lithium acetate ammonium sulfate azide benzoate borate (meta-) bromate bromide carbonate chlorate chloride... 

Dienones. Alkynones, which are readily available by addition of lithium acet-ylides to N-methyl-N-methoxyamides (11,202), isomerize to dienones when treated with Pd(OAc)2 in combination with a phosphine, particularly dppb. The actual catalyst is probably a hydridopalladium acetate.1... 

A poly (vinylchloride) membrane electrode was described for local anesthetics, based on dibenzo-24-crown-8 as the electroactive material, and di(2-ethyl)hexyl phthalate as the plasticizer [74]. It was reported that the electrode exhibited a Nemstian response to procaine, and other electrode properties were also presented. The analysis was performed at pH 6 to 6.5 vs. S.C.E., with a 0.2 M lithium acetate agar bridge. Less efficient crown ethers studied at this time were benzo-15-crown-5, dibenzo-18-crown-6, and dibenzo-30-crown-10. 

Arfwedson prepared lithium acetate, ignited it, and noted the insolubility of the resulting lithium carbonate in water and its action on platinum. He also prepared and studied the bicarbonate, sulfate, nitrate, chloride, tartrate, borate, hydroxide, and a double sulfate which he reported as lithium alum. He mentioned that lithium hydroxide is much less soluble than the other caustic alkalies and that it has a greater saturation capacity [lower equivalent weight] than they. Because of its ability to form deliquescent salts with nitric and hydrochloric acids, Arfwedson recognized the close relation between the new alkali and the alkaline earths, especially magnesia. 

Tristar polybutadienes prepared by the intermediacy of lithium acetal initiators were also converted to three dimensional networks in a liquid rubber formulation using a diisocyanate curing agent. Table IV shows normal stress-strain properties for liquid rubber networks at various star branch Hn s. It can be seen that as the branch Mn increases to 2920, there is a general increase in the quality of the network. Interestingly, the star polymer network with a star branch Mn of 2920 (Mc=5840) exhibits mechanical properties in the range of a conventional sulfur vulcani-zate with a Me of about 6000-8000. 

Acetyl iodide is produced in the same manner as described in the acetic add cycle. When it is eliminated in the presence of lithium acetate, acetic anhydride is formed. 

Lithium acetate Sodium p-chlorobenzoate Potassium hydrogen hexanedioate... 

LITHIUMAND LITHIUM COMPOUNDS] (Vol 15) Lithium acetate dihydrate [6108-17-4]... 

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