Analytical transmission electron microscopy

Thiel, B.L., Kunkel, D.D., Viney, C. Physical and chemical microstructure of spider dragline a study by analytical transmission electron microscopy. Biopolymers 34 1089-1097, 1994. 

J. Heydenreich, W. Neumann (eds.) Proc. Analytical Transmission electron Microscopy in Materials Science - Fundamentals andTechni-ques, Elbe Druckerei, Wittenberg, 1993. 

Kohler-Redlich, P. Mayer, J. (2002) Quantitative Analytical Transmission Electron Microscopy, in High-Resolution Imaging and Spectrometry of Materials Ernst. F., Riihle, M., Eds., pp. 119-188, Springer, Berlin. 

Barber, D.J. and Freestone, I.C. (1990). An investigation of the origin of the colour of the Lycurgus Cup by analytical transmission electron microscopy. Archaeometry 32 33-45. 

Reiche, I., Yignaud, C., Favre-Quattropani, L., and Menu, M. (2002b). Fluorine analysis in biogenic and geological apatite by analytical transmission electron microscopy and nuclear reaction analysis. Journal of Trace and Microprobe Techniques 20 211-231. 

The radiation resistance of zirconolite has been tested with 238Pu- and 244Cm-doped and ion-irradiated samples (Weber et aL 1998 Weber Ewing 2002). Amorphization of zirconolite occurred at doses corresponding to 0.3-0.5 dpa at room temperature. Dose-age relationships have been determined by analytical transmission electron microscopy for the onset dose and critical amorphization dose of a suite of natural zirconolites (Lumpkin etal. 1994,1998b). 

Now NIST, National Institute of Science and Technology. fThe bulk analysis is by standard wet chemical methods. The glassy phase was analysed by analytical transmission electron microscopy. Adapted from Qian Glasser (1988) and Qian et al. (1988). 

In this section, we describe time-resolved, local in-situ measurements of chemical potentials /, ( , f) with solid galvanic cells. It seems as if the possibilities of this method have not yet been fully exploited. We note that the spatial resolution of the determination of composition is by far better than that of the chemical potential. The high spatial resolution is achieved by electron microbeam analysis, analytical transmission electron microscopy, and tunneling electron microscopy. Little progress, however, has been made in improving the spatial resolution of the determination of chemical potentials. The conventional application of solid galvanic cells in kinetics is completely analogous to the time-dependent (partial) pressure determination as explained in Section 16.2.2. Spatially resolved measurements are not possible in this way. 

Current methods used to image MCM-41 include (1) analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to determine structure, size, morphology, and local chemical composition (2) energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to determine chemical composition 5 and (3) electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) for elemental analysis.6... 

The EXAFS spectroscopy results strongly confirm the existence of local order in the mineral part of lead isooctane reverse micelles in dodecane and reveal quantitative information concerning the first and second coordination shells. The radial distribution functions (RDFs) exhibit peaks at around 0.19 nm, corresponding to the first shell of oxygen atoms and at around 0.35 nm corresponding to the shell of lead. Analytical transmission electron microscopy (ATEM) indicates the size of the mineral core of the micelles (1-1.5 nm) and the discoid shape of the particles when the micelles aggregate (Mansot et al. 1994). 

Source Brearley (1993) and Greshake (1997). Matrix analyzed by electron microprobe amorphous phase by analytical transmission electron microscopy. Totals are normalized tol(X)%. Figures in parentheses are la of means of analyzed regions for matrix and la of analyses for amorphous phase. NA, not analyzed. 

Tchernychova, E. Glinsek, S. Malic, B. Kosec, M (2011). Combined Analytical Transmission Electron Microscopy Approach to Reliable Composition Evaluation of KTaOs. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol.94, No.5, pp. 1611-1618. 

Kitta M., AMta T, Maeda Y, Kohyama M. Study of Surface Reaction of Spinel Li4Ti50i2 during the First Lithium Insertion and Extraction Processes Using Atomic Force Microscopy and Analytical Transmission Electron Microscopy, Langmuir 2012, 28,12384-12392. 

Thepost weld ageing behaviour of 9Cr-l Mo weldments in the temperature range 823-1023 K has been extensively studied by analytical transmission electron microscopy. The secondary phases that evolve have been identified, their chemistry established and the concept of phase evolution diagram extended to the weldments. 

The bulk of the results obtained in this study were obtained by analytical transmission electron microscopy. Observations were made on both grades of material in the as-received, untested condition and after tensile testing at 1250°C. Test samples selected for examination covered the range of observed creep behavior, and included samples that failed after times ranging from -10 to -200 hours depending on applied stress and also samples from interrupted tests that survived for up to 2000 hours under lower applied stresses. In addition, a comparison was made of non-reinforced samples tested with and without a 500 hour pre-anneal at the test temperature. In all cases, the gauge sections of crept samples were cut parallel to the stress axis to obtain both near-surface and raid-plane sections. Prior to final TEM specimen preparation, these sections were examined optically for evidence of distributed creep cavitation or crack damage. 

It is important to stress that Mossbauer spectroscopy did not detect any divalent iron in all the samples measured. In a study using analytical transmission electron microscopy, the authors suggested that iron within the ferritin core in pathological SN and HP was present mainly as mixed ferric-ferrous iron oxides (magnetite-like or wiistite) and not as ferrihydrite that is the main mineral in control brain ferritin [31 ]. Mossbauer spectra of magnetite or wiistite differ from ferrihydrite spectra, but only ferrihydrite-like spectra were observed by MS in all pathological tissues. If other phases were present, they could be there only in minor quantities. 

Kitta M, Akita T, Maeda Y et al (2012) Study of surface reaction of spinel Fi4Ti50i2 during the first lithium insertion and extraction processes using atomic force microscopy and analytical transmission electron microscopy. Fangmuir 28(33) 12384-12392... 

In the boundary lubrication regime, the antiwear and Mction-reduction processes are associated to the build-up of a tribologic film resulting from the chemical reaction between oil additives and sliding surfaces in contact [1-3]. The case of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) additive has been extensively studied by analytical transmission electron microscopy (ATEM) and the morphology, nature, structure and tribologic properties of the tribochemical film were obtained [4-6], The Figures 4.1 and 4.2 summarize the main results. 

This article reviews the relevant literature on cement/rock and mineral/alkali interaction, and presents the results of experimental and archaeological analogue studies in which Analytical Transmission Electron Microscopy (ATEM) has been used to characterize C-A-S-H phases. 

In none of the archaeological analogue studies described, and in only very few of the experimental studies, were analyses made at the resolution afforded by analytical transmission electron microscopy (or ATEM). Use of bulk or low resolution methods alone can lead to unreliable phase identification in these materials, and only limited information can be obtained about gel phases. ATEM allows compositional, morphological and crystallographic information to be obtained at a much higher resolution than more standard methods, and is thus well suited to the... 

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