Minerals parting

A general relationship between the composition of the water and that of the soHd minerals with which the water has come into contact during infiltration and in the aquifer can be expected. Biological activity, especially in the organic layer above the mineral part, has a pronounced effect on the acquisition of solutes. Because of microbial respiration, the CO2 pressure is increased. CO2 pressure tends to increase the alkalinity and the concentration of and other solutes. 

Abbey S (1980) Studies in Standard Samples for use in the general analysis of Silicate Rocks and Minerals, Part 6 1979 Edition of Usable Values. Pap - Geol Surv Can Paper 80-14. 

Muller, J., Wheeler, W.C., Gentleman, J.F. Suranyi, G. and R. Kusiak, Study of Mortality of Ontario Miners, Part I, Rep. Ontario Ministry of Labour,Ontario Workers Compensation Board, Atomic Energy Control Board of Canada (1983). 

Rand, D. A., 1975. Oxygen reduction on sulphide minerals, part III comparisson of activity of various copper, iron, lead, nickle mineral electrodes. Electrochemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry, 60 265 - 275... 

A widespread form of dental disease, caries, is caused by acids that dissolve the mineral part of the teeth by neutralizing the negatively charged counter-ions in apatite (see A). Acids occur in food, or are produced by microorganisms that live on the surfaces of the teeth (e. g.. Streptococcus mutans). 

Kikas, V. H. 1988. Mineral part of oil shale kukersite and their use. Oil Shale, 5, 15-27. 

Calcium phosphate, also called tricalcium phosphate (TCP), serves as a model for a whole group of calcium phosphates which end with hydroxyapatite (HA). Another name for these materials, which resemble the mineral part of the bone chemically seen, is resorbable ceramics. 

Hard bone tissue contains Ca, P04, OH, small amounts of carbonate, magnesium and sodium and trace elements of fluorine, chlorine and sulphur. That is why the Ca/P value in bone is not 1.67. Substitution of strange ions results in a change in the crystal structure. Consequently it is impossible to imitate the mineral part of bone exactly. 

As soon as chemists become interested in natural apatites, the problem with fluorine appears. When phosphate ores are treated the fluorine must be removed. On the other hand it is sometimes necessary to fluorinate calcium phosphates in the mineral part of calcified tissues. Obviously, in industry and medecine it is neces sary to know the mechanism of phosphate fluorination as well as the structure and the properties of products obtained. 

The EXAFS spectroscopy results strongly confirm the existence of local order in the mineral part of lead isooctane reverse micelles in dodecane and reveal quantitative information concerning the first and second coordination shells. The radial distribution functions (RDFs) exhibit peaks at around 0.19 nm, corresponding to the first shell of oxygen atoms and at around 0.35 nm corresponding to the shell of lead. Analytical transmission electron microscopy (ATEM) indicates the size of the mineral core of the micelles (1-1.5 nm) and the discoid shape of the particles when the micelles aggregate (Mansot et al. 1994). 

Griffith, W. P. (1969). Raman studies on rock-forming minerals. Part I. Orthosilicates and cyclosilicates. J. Chem. Soc. A, 1372-77. 

Barrer, R. M., Cole, J. F., Sticher, H., Chemistry of Soil Minerals— Part... 

Characterization of the mineral matter in coal is important for a number of reasons. Because of the way coal must be mined, the mine-run product always includes some rock material other than coal, thereby contributing mineral matter to the mine product. Miners of a thin seam usually have to remove some roof and floor strata. Irregular bodies of roof shale or other rocks frequently occur within coal seams and inevitably become part of the mine product. Some coal seams grade upwards to shale coal or coaly shales so that there is no clear-cut boundary between coal and the roof rocks. In addition, many coal seams contain one or more mineral partings of various thickness so that miners must include these in the mine product. It is best for mining and sales purposes if the amounts, types, and characteristics of these rock materials be known prior to mining in order to properly design the mine and preparation plant. 

A11 samples represented the whole coal seam exclusive of major mineral partings. if present (face channel samples). 

Hughes, G.M. and Gilkeson, R.H., 1976. Attenuation of pollutants in municipal landfill leachate by clay minerals, Part 1. Column leaching and field verification. Ill, State Geol. Surv., Environ, Geol. Note 78, 34 pp. 

HAA/WIL] Haacke, D. F., Williams, P. A., The aqueous chemistry of uranium minerals Part 1. Divalent cation zippeite, Mineral. Mag., 43, (1979), 539-541. Cited on page 160. 

Apatite The mineral part of bone and tooth enamel, CajD(PO )(.(OH)2. 

Terry, B., The acid decomposition of silicate minerals. Part I. Reactivities and modes of dissolution of sihcates. Hydrometallurgy, 10, 135, 1983. 

Collagen. Ossein. Mol wt about ]30,000. Polypeptide substance comprising one third of the total protein in mammalian organisms main constituent of skin, connective tissue, and the organic substance of bones and teeth. Prepd from bones by dissolving the mineral part of the bones with phosphoric acid Sciallano, Fr. pat. 688,104... 

E. M. Flanigen I would like to cite a recent reference on the Raman spectra of various silicates and aluminosilicates, W. P. Griffith, Raman Studies on Rock-Forming Minerals. Part I. Orthosilicates and Cyclo-silicates, J. Chem. Soc. (A) 1969, 1372. This author apparently experienced no difficulty in obtaining the Raman spectra with a He—Ne laser Raman. The particle size of the samples was not specified, but described as microcrystalline. ... 

Gheith MA (1953) Lipscombite a new synthetic iron laznlite. Am Mineral 38 612-628 Ghose S, Leo SR, Wan C (1974) Stmctural chemistry of copper and zinc minerals. Part I. Veszelyite, (Cuo5Zrio 5)2ZnP04NOH)3(H20)3 a novel type of sheet stmcture and crystal chemistry of copper-zinc substitntion. Am Mineral 59 573-581... 

The so-called chelating collectors, such as hydroxamic acids, continue to be studied by flotation specialists. The flotation selectivity of minerals partly soluble in the flotation pulp has been studied, at bench scale, in [159]. It has been shown that optimum results are achieved, when the mineral to be floated is the most soluble in the system and the chelate formed with the cation on the surface is most stable. 

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