Analysis of gases

Source Pagnotto, L. D., and Keenan, R. G., "Sampling and Analysis of Gases and Vapoi - . f The Industrial En iniiimL-iit—ll Control." United States Department of Health, Education and Welfare. United States Government Printing Office, Washington. 167-179. 

C. J. Cowper and A. J. DeRose, "The Analysis of Gases by Chromatography", Pergamon Press, oxford, OK, 1985. 

Standards and Standardization Separation by Liquid Amalgams Vacuum Fusion Analysis of Gases in Metals Electroanalysis in Molten Salts Vol. 4 Instrumentation for Spectroscopy... 

Table V. Analysis of Gases Evolved During Thermal Degradation of Brominated Polyester Resin Samples...

Egerton, A. C. G. 1915. The Analysis of Gases after Passage of Electric Discharge. Proceedings of the Royal Society. Series A. 91 627 (March 1, 1915) 180-89 (communicated June 10, 1914). 

Quenching methods, in which the fluorescence of a substance is reduced by the quenching action of an analyte, can also be used in fluorescence analysis. Such methods are particularly well suited to the analysis of gases. 

Reference inlets serve equally well for the analysis of gases, solvents, and similar volatile samples. They are especially convenient when a continuous signal is desired for instrument tuning or long-lasting MS/MS experiments in ion chemistry. In addition, the components of a mixture are admitted to the ion source without fractionation, i.e., without affecting their partial pressures. This property of reservior inlets has extensively been used in the petroleum industry. 

When the metals were studied, the release of gases and vapors was observed. For example, Paracelsus reported that when iron was dissolved in sulfuric acid air comes out like a wind. The differentiation of these kinds of air took more than two centuries. Research on the analysis of gases was extremely productive in developing the basic methods to handle and study gases and even paved the way to design techniques for elementary analysis of the constituents of organisms. Thus the study of gases became the second epoch of analytical chemistry it is called the pneumatic age. ... 

A specific variant of El MS is isotope ratio (IR) MS [46]. It is based on electron impact ionization with maximized ionization probability. IR MS is limited to the analysis of gases of high volatility and low reactivity such as CO2, N2 or SO2. The analytes of interest thus have to be transformed into one of these gases before introduction into the IR MS. Information on the position of C labelings in the analyte can be only obtained, if all carbons are isolated position specific and subsequently combusted. In this context Corso and Brenna [47] showed position specific analysis by IR MS for methylpalmitate through pyrolytic fragmentation. IR MS exhibits an extremely high precision of 0.00001 % for the isotope ratio measurement and is optimal to quantify low label enrichments [48]. This is especially important for in vivo studies with ani-... 

Clemens Alexander Winkler" 1838-1904. Professor of chemistry at the Freiberg School of Mines Pioneer in the analysis of gases. Manufacturer of nickel and cobalt He discovered the element germanium and made pioneer researches on indium... 

Figure 1.15 Commercial 60° magnetic sector field mass spectrometer (Type CH4, Atlas MAT) for analysis of gases. (77. Kienitz (ed.), Massenspektrometrie (1968), Verlag Chemie, Weinheim. Reproduced by permission of Wiley-VCH.)...

This chapter focuses on selected developments and applications of mass spectrometry for the analysis of gases and volatile compounds relevant in inorganic mass spectrometry. A brief introduction to isotope ratio measurements by gas source mass spectrometry is presented in Section 8.3. 

Applications of Inorganic Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of Gases and Volatile Compounds... 

One important area of stable isotope ratio measurements (SIRMS) is the analysis of gases using offline or online techniques (see also the discussion in Section 8.3.). 

Further applications of mass spectrometry for the analysis of gases are discussed in Chapter 7. 

Much time and space might be occupied in discussing the merits of tire several apparatus to be employed in the analysis of gases, hut tins seems to tho Editor to be quite unnecessary. The best plan will be to place bofore tire reader the improved apparatus of Fbank-land and Ward, which resembles that of Regkault and Beiset in mechanical arrangement, although it differs entirely in the mode adopted for the measurement of the gaseous volumes. 

Gas chromatography is a very unique and versatile technique. In its initial stages of development, it was applied to the analysis of gases and of vapors from very volatile components. The work of Martin and Synge (36) and then James and Martin (54) in gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) opened the door for an analytical technique which has revolutionized chemical separations and analyses. As an analytical tool GC can be used for the direct separation and analysis of gaseous samples, liquid solutions, and volatile solids. 

Smith, G., Ellis, M. M., Chromatographic Analysis of Gases from Soils... 

Analytical methods employed in soil chemistry include the standard quantitative methods for the analysis of gases, solutions, and solids, including colorimetric, titrimetric, gravimetric, and instrumental methods. The flame emission spectrophotometric method is widely employed for potassium, sodium, calcium, and magnesium barium, copper and other elements are determined in cation exchange studies. Occasionally arc and spark spectrographic methods are employed. 

Cooper, C. J. and de Rose, A. J. Pergamon Series in Analytical Chemistry, 7. The analysis of gases by chromatography (Pergamon, Oxford, 1983). 

Cowper, C.J. and DeRose, A.J., The Analysis of Gases by Chromatography, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1983. 

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