Ammunition hazard

TSP-LC-MS in the negative mode was used to identify and quantify the explosives TNT, RDX and hexyl, as weU as their degradation products and other pollutants, in groundwater samples of an ammunition hazardous waste site after SPE applying LiChrolut EN. 31 compounds could be identified, such as nitramines and their by-products, TNT and partially nitrated toluenes, 1,3,5-ttinitrobenzene and partially nitrated benzenes, aminonitrotoluenes, nitroanilines, hexyl and nitro-phenols [205]. 

E. T. Kristoff andj. y Hazards ylnalysis Study of the Continuous TNT Manufacturing Plants, U.S. Army Radford Ammunition Plant,... 

The preeautions with any partieular explosive depends on the hazard. In die UK explosives are elassified as 1 - Gunpowder 2 - Nitrate mixture 3 - Nitro eompound 4 - Chlorate mixture 5 - Eulminate 6 - Ammunition and 7 - Eireworks. 

Occupational Diseases and Hazards in Explosives and Ammunition Plants. See under Industrial Hygiene in Vol 7,193-R... 

F. T., "Hazard Evaluation and Risk Analysis of the NC Thermal Dehy Facility - Bldg. 3507," Report No. HA-79-R-2, Hercules Aerospace Division, Radford Army Ammunition Plant, Radford,... 

Herrera, W. R., et al. "A Study of Fire Hazards from Combustible Ammunition Effects of Scale and Confinement (Phase II)," SwRI Final Report No. 01-7327 for DOD Explosives Safety Board, Contract MDA903-82-C-0526 (December 1984). 

Applications. Ultraviolet detectors are ideally suited for applications where rapidly developing fire can occur in a relatively open area. UV detectors can be used to monitor ammunition assembly lines, gunpowder troughs, or open areas that are stocked with hazardous materials. These detectors are not typically affected by extremes of temperature or pressure, adverse weather conditions, high humidity, nor are they sensitive to solar radiation. 

Safety Barriers. Figure 1 illustrates an application employing intrinsically safe electrical circuits for the demilitarization of ammunition. Three separate areas are required for this application - one area, classified as non-hazardous, to serve as the control and loading area a second area, classified as hazardous, where the actual demilitarization is accomplished and a third area, classified as non-hazardous, is required for the hydraulic pump due to the level of noise produced. 

Richard P. Gen on i is a principal engineer with Duratek Federal Services Northwest Operations in Richland, Washington. Genoni maintains the Explosive Classification Tracking System for the Department of Energy s National Transportation Program and reviews all new explosive applications before submittal to the Department of Transportation. He also maintains Department of Energy Interim Hazard Classifications in accordance with the Department of Defense Ammunition and Hazard Classification Procedures, TB 700-2. 

Suter, Edgar A. Assault Weapons Revisited— An Analysis of the AMA Report. Joarw / of the Medical Association of Georgia, vol. 85, May 1994, n.p. Criticizes the American Medical Association report Assault Weapons as a Public Health Hazard in the United States. Suter argues that the high ammunition capacity of such weapons is usually irrelevant because only a few shots are fired in most incidents other than well-publicized mass shootings. Suter also accuses the report for relying only on unsubstantiated anecdotal data. 

PEAT, Inc., has developed the thermal destruction and recovery (TDR) system for the treatment of medical, hazardous, and radioactive wastes. An electronic plasma heating system is used to break down wastes into three phases. The ceramic, metal, and off-gas phases can aU be used as commercial products. The technology has been evaluated in treatability studies on infectious medical waste. Department of Defense (DOD) ammunition and energetic materials, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) weapon components, ash, electronic scrap, batteries, asbestos, and organic compounds. 

Presence of explosives a. sufficient for low-explosive function b. particularly hazardous to TM 9-1900 Ammunition General, 1941 Ammunition General, 1942 Ammunition General, 1945 Ammunition General, 1956... 

Committee of Experts has been allocated a unique four-digit number, called the Substance UN Number (or simply the UN Number). Thus a hazardous substance can be distinctly identified by the Substance UN Number (also called the Substance Identification Number or SIN). UN Serial number 0001 to 1000 are reserved for Class 1 items, that is, explosives and ammunition. The nine classes of dangerous goods and hazardous chemicals with a distinctive diamond shaped label bearing a pictorial diagram for quick hazard recognition are ... 

To facilitate fire fighting, explosives and ammunition are divided into four Fire Divisions according to their behavior when involved in a fire and the action to be taken in dealing with such fires. The Fire Divisions are synonymous with the UN Hazard Divisions 1.1 to 1.4 and the hazard decreases with the ascending Fire Division, as described below ... 

Class C relatively safe expls(minimum hazard). They are defined as certain types of manufd articles which contain class A or class B expls, or both, as components but in restricted quantities. Eg small arms ammunition and certain types of fireworks (ICC Sec 53.100)(See also Forbidden Explosives)... 

See also Danger of Handling Explosives and Dangerous (Hazardous) Chemicals and Other Materials in this Volume Refs for Shipping and Storing Dangerous Materials l)M.M.Kostevich, "War Ammunition... 

As a result of the extensive production of ammunition before and during World War II, a large number of hazardous waste sites still exist in Germany, where both soil and water are polluted by explosives and their transformation... 

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