Amides degradation products

It was further shown that such equations could be extended to a wide variety of amides and related compounds and even allowed the prediction of the degradation products of agrochemicals of the benzoylphenylurea type [13]... 

Terephthahc acid is pure white, and molten dimethyl terephthalate is colorless. Impurities or degradation products can be yellow or brown, so the darkness of either a solution of terephthahc acid in dimethylform amide or molten dimethyl terephthalate can be compared to APHA color standards. 

The compounds 12,14 and 15 can be prepared from parent lysergic acid amides by bromination with NBS or PHT, but not the compounds of the type 12. The latter structure is very sensitive and under these circumstances only degradation products were obtained. Besides it was necessary to use much milder reagent, e.g. bromine bonded onto polymeric matrix with polyvinylpyrrolidone or polyvinylpyridine structure (29) ... 

PLE pressurized liquid extraction, SPE solid phase extraction, UE ultrasonic extraction, DSPE dispersive solid phase extraction, SBSE stir bar sorptive extraction, TD-GC-MS thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, LAS linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, CDEAs coconut diethanol amides, NPEOs nonylphenol ethoxylates, DP degradation products, SPC sulphenyl carboxylates, PCDD dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), PCDF dibenzofurans, PCBs biphenyls... 

Gonzalez S, Petrovic M, Barcelo D (2004) Simultaneous extraction and fate of linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, coconut diethanol amides, nonylphenol ethoxylates and their degradation products in wastewater treatment plants, receiving coastal waters and sediments in the Catalonian area (NE Spain). J Chromatogr A 1052(1-2) 111-120... 

In this chapter, all four types of sediment and sludge sample handling techniques for non-ionic surfactants will be discussed and compared. Most of the studies published on non-ionics focus on APEOs and their degradation products, viz. the alkylphenols, but some extraction methods for alcohol ethoxylates (AEOs) and coconut diethanol amides will also be discussed. 

Kelly MG et al Comparative carcinogenic-ity of -isopropyl- -(2 -methylhydrazino)-p-tolu-amide HCl (procarbazine hydrochloride), its degradation products, other hydrazines, and isonicotinic acid hydrazide. J Natl Cancer Inst 42 337-344, 1969... 

Since the pioneering work of Siddall, /V./V-dialkyl amides have been evaluated extensively as alternative extractants to TBP (200, 201). The salient features of amides as extractants are (i) low volume of secondary waste generated (completely incinerable), (ii) innocuous nature of chemical and radiolytic degradation products (better decontamination from fission products andregeneration/clean up easier), (iii) low aqueous-phase solubility, (iv) final U and Pu products streams are free of P contamination, and (v) ease of synthesis. However, LOC values of U and Pu as well as viscosity are... 

The extraction of Zr increased with the absorbed y-dose (factor of 20 up to 0.7-0.8 MGy for linear amides in n-dodecane (191) and factors of 4-6 up to 0.3-0.6 MGy for shorter amides in benzene) (192). Beyond this threshold, the extraction decreased slightly. This effect is more noticeable with N-methyl amides (192). As for Pu(TV), the first step has been explained by authors by a synergistic extraction due to the presence of carboxylic acids as degradation products (191). Nevertheless, the degradation had a stronger effect on the decontamination factors of U and Pu with respect to Zr(IV) than with TBP (191). Typically, decontamination factors were DEM/Zr = 7 and 12 for, respectively, U(VI) and Pu(IV) with TBP and 5 with the monoamide DHOA at an irradiation dose of 300 MGy (193). 

No data has yet been published on the quantitative ratio of each degradation product. However, radiolysis should lead to lower amounts of acidic compounds than malonamides, because of the absence of any alkyl (or oxyalkyl) chain between the two amide groups. 

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