Ambient cure resin

Typically, a low molecular weight solid epoxy resin and latent curing agent, such as dicyandiamide dissolved in an appropriate solvent, are widely used in dry lay-up formulations for electrical laminates for computers, aerospace applications, and communications equipment. Wet lay-up systems are almost exclusively based on low-viscosity resins cured with aliphatic amines. These ambient cure resin systems are used primarily for manufacture of large chemical-resistant tanks, ducting, and scrubbers. Filament winding is used... 

The two commonly used polyesters in construction are orthophthalic and isophthalic resins. They are both ambient-cured resins but benefit from an elevated temperature cure. The orthophthalic resins are the most widely used resins but have low thermal stability and chemical resistance. The isophthalic resins, which contain isophthalic acids as an essential ingredient, are of superior quality and have better chemical and thermal resistance and a... 

Uses Wetting agent, dispersant, vise, reducer, flow aid, leveling agent for ambient curing resins, highly filled casting resin systems (marble, onyx, solid surf.), polymer concrete, unsat. polyester resins... 

Duramax D-3005 Duramax D-3021 dispersant, aluminum cleaners DelONIC EAB-95 dispersant, aluminum salts Hest IS-2-0 HesI IS-3-0 dispersant, ambient curing resins BYK -W909... 

The polymers of the 2-cyanoacryhc esters, more commonly known as the alkyl 2-cyaiioacrylates, are hard glassy resins that exhibit excellent adhesion to a wide variety of materials. The polymers are spontaneously formed when their Hquid precursors or monomers are placed between two closely fitting surfaces. The spontaneous polymerisation of these very reactive Hquids and the excellent adhesion properties of the cured resins combine to make these compounds a unique class of single-component, ambient-temperature-curing adhesives of great versatiUty. The materials that can be bonded mn the gamut from metals, plastics, most elastomers, fabrics, and woods to many ceramics. 

Water-dispersible resins contain carboxyhc groups which are neutralized using base or amine compounds. This solubilizes the resin in solution and also promotes pigment wetting. Film formation occurs by the evaporation of volatiles foUowed by cross-linking through ambient cure oxidative reactions or elevated temperature reactions. Solvents, most commonly glycol ethers, are used to promote film formation and improve film quahty. 

Ambient-cure systems are often based on lower molecular-weight soHd epoxy resins cured with aUphatic polyamines or polyamides. Curing normally occurs at ambient temperatures with a working life (pot life) of 8—24 h, depending on the formulation. Epoxy—poly amine systems are typically used for maintenance coatings in oil refineries, petrochemical plants, and in many marine appHcations. Such coverings are appHed by spray or bmsh. These are used widely where water immersion is encountered, particularly in marine appHcations (see COATINGS, MARINE). 

Performance of Cured Resin Sockets. Poured resin sockets may be moved when the resin has hardened. After ambient or elevated temperature cure recommended by the manufacturer, resin sockets should develop the nominal strength of the rope and should also withstand, without cracking or breakage, shock loading sufficient to break the rope. Manufacturers of resin socketing material should be required to test to these criteria before resin materials are approved for this end use. 

The MUF resin pH was determined using pH meter model pH 340-A/SET l-MTM. The pH meter was calibrated before it was used to determine the pH of the resin. The viscosity was determined using the Cole-Parmer 98936-15 viscometer (R2 spindle, lOOrpm speed). The storage life was a test of shelf life of the MUF resin under the ambient environment. Resin was first stored at ambient room temperature. Viscosity of the resin was checked for every three to four days. The ratio of water that can be added into resin before it turned turbid or precipitated is called resin solubility. The resin solubility was determined by divide the weight of resin and the weight of water added into resin before it turned turbid or precipitated. The curing period of a resin was defined as the time period for the resin to be hardened after application in a 30°C and 1.0% of NH4CI powder (as hardener). 

Mechanical Properties. Mechanical properties obtained on the cured resins included tensile strength and fracture toughness. Tensile tests were run on an Instron model 1122 Universal Tester with a crosshead speed of 0.02 /minute. Tests were run on dry and saturated samples in air. Fracture toughness (K ) values have been obtained using a MTS 610 Materials Testing System at 0.02 /minute at ambient and elevated temperatures in air. The compact tensile specimens tested were 0.5 x 0.5 x 0.125 in dimension. Mechanical properties data are based on the results from four or more tests run at each condition. 

In polyaddition, cross-linking occurs by means of chain extension. The majority of ambient-cured construction products are based on this type of reaction, where in situ polymerisation occurs after the epoxy resin base and the curing agent are mixed. The curing agent causes the epoxide or hydroxyl groups to react (Ellis, 1994). 

The binders used in these ambient-cured formulations are generally low molecular weight reactive epoxy resins. These are cured with either amine or amine adducts to give the best chemical resistance, or with polyamide to give better water resistance, weathering and recoating properties (Dow Chemical Company, undated a). 

Epoxy resins produced by the reaction of bisphenol A and epichloro-hydrin are versatile polymers with several useful properties (subsection 2.2.2.1). However, one significant weakness is their brittle nature. Incorporation of plasticisers is not very useful. Dibutyl phthalate is an exception, showing good compatibility but offering only limited ability to flexibilise the resin. Moreover, plasticisers affect the mechanical properties and chemical resistance of the cured system. With polyurethanes it is possible to complement the flexibility of the epoxy system. Numerous attempts have been made to combine the two types to achieve beneficial modifications (Lee and Nivelle, 1967). These modifications proved successful under high-temperature cure but inferior results were obtained for ambient cures. 

Heating the target material and immersing it in a thick suspension of the coating material, a partially cured fluid resin, or even a thick solution of the resin, so the resin would migrate to the heated object and gel on the hot surface, then be further baked or ambient cured in place. This is still a favored method of applying vinyl plastisols. (Plas-tisols are, however, more frequently applied by airless spray.)... 

Example 5.3 Internal stresses are developed as a result of shrinkage during adhesive cure. These stresses can be determined by measuring the deflection of an aluminum strip coated on one side with a thin film of the adhesive (Figure E5.3). The maximum in the curve for the unmodified resin was found to coincide with the fragmentation of the adhesive film. Explain the observed deflections imder ambient cure of two such aluminum strips coated, respectively, with a modified and an unmodified UF resin. The modifier is the urea derivative of propylene oxide-based triamine shown in Figure 5.6. 

Uses Defoamer, air release agent for ambient cure epoxy resin systems, esp. floorings... 

Cherm. Descrip. Bisphenol Aepoxy sol n. resin in Dowanol PM Uses Epoxy for ambient-cured, corrosion-resist, coatings and metai primers... 

Chem. Descrip. Bisphenol F-based epoxy novolac resin Uses Epoxy for high-solids and solv.-free industrial maintenance coatings, chem.-resist. flooring, groufs, and high-temp, adhesives and laminates inc. crosslink dens, and chem. resist, of ambient cured systems Properties Gardner 1 iiq. sp.gr, 1.19 dens. 9.9 Ih/gal vise. 16,000cps EEW 175 100% solids Epotuf 91-263 [Reichhold]... 

CAS 2676145-5 EINECS/ELINCS 247-979-2 Uses Reactive diluent for epoxy resins in ambient-cured heavy-duty industrial coatings, automotive OEM and refinish Features Significantly reduces need for soivs. improves adhesion, flexibility, durability, resistance to impact, chem. and salt spray produces reduced-VOC coatings... 

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