Alkanolamines

Alkanolamines are compounds that contain both the hydroxyl (alcoholic) function (-OH) and the amino function (-NH2). 

Ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, or butylene oxide react with ammonia to produce alkanolamines. The more popular ethanolamines [NH3 h(C2H4OH)h, where n = 1,2,3 monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine], are derived from the reaction of ammonia with ethylene oxide. 

Alkanolamines are manufactured from the corresponding oxide and ammonia. Anhydrous or aqueous ammonia may be used, although anhydrous ammonia is typically used to favor monoalkanolamine production and requires high temperature and pressure (Fig. 1). 

Isopropanolamines, NH3 (CH2CHOHCH3), result from the reaction of ammonia with propylene oxide. Secondary butanolamines, NH3 (CH2CHOHCH2CH3), are the result of the reaction of ammonia with butylene oxide. Mixed alkanolamines can be produced from a mix- 

FIGURE 1 Manufacture of ethanolamines from ethylene oxide and ammonia. 

Alkmolamines from olefin oxides and ammonia, Alkanolamines fromnitro alcohols. 

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology (4th Edition) 

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A -dialkylchloroalkylamines, R2N(CH2)nCI. Formed by treating the alkanolamine with thionyl chloride. Of importance in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, particularly tranquillizers, e.g. amidons. 

Alkanolamines with at least one NCH2CHOHCH,i grouping. Important materials include monoisopropanolamine NHX H CHOHCH, b.p. 159 C di-iso-propanolamine NH(CH CHOHCH b.p. 248 C triisopropanolamine NtCH -CHOHCHi). , b.p. 300 C. Manufactured from ammonia and propylene oxide. U ed, is weedkillers, as stabilizers for plastics, in detergents, alkanolaniine soaps for sweetening natural gas and in synthesis. 

ALKANOLAMNES - ALKANOLAMINES FROM OLEFIN OXIDES AND AT ONIA] (Vol 2) Acetylfuratrizine [1789-26-0]... 

Alkanolammes [ALKANOLAMINES - ALKANOLAMINESFROMNITROALCOHOLS] (Vol2) -reactions using SCF [SUPERCRITICALFLUIDS] (Vol 23)... 

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