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Alcohols characteristic chemical properties

In 1899 Thoms isolated an alcohol from Peru balsam oil, which he termed peruviol. This body was stated to have powerful antiseptic properties, but has not been further investigated until Schimmel Co. took up the subject. The oil after saponification was fractionated, and after benzyl alcohol had distilled over, a light oil with characteristic balsamic odour passed over. It boiled at 125° to 127° at 4 mm., and had a specific gravity 0 8987, optical rotation -1- 12° 22, and refractive index 1-48982. This body appeared to be identical with Hesse s nerolidol, whilst in physical and chemical properties it closely resembles peruviol. The characters of the various preparations were as follows —... [Pg.125]

A characteristic of organic sulfur compounds, especially volatile (low molecular mass) thiols, is their disagreeable odors. For example, 3-methyl-1-butanethiol and 2-butene-1-thiol are ingredients of a skunk s perfume, and methanethiol or ethanethiol is usually added, in small amounts, to natural gas, which is odorless by itself, so that leaks can be readily detected. The chemical properties of thiols and sulfides differ from those of alcohols and ethers in that thiols are somewhat stronger acids than alcohols and the sulfur atoms of these compounds are considerably more nucleophilic than the oxygen of their analogs. They are excellent nucleophiles in substitution reactions. [Pg.489]

Physico-Chemical Properties of Salvarsan Solutions.— These solutions show the characteristic properties of colloids, dialysis through a parchment membrane showing but slight diffusion, w hiist in methyl alcohol solution diffusion takes place more readily. The disodium salt diffuses about four times as quickly as the free hydrochloride. Hie idscosity of aqueous solutions of Salvarsan increases from the moment of preparation until an approximately constant value is reached. This value is much higher than the initial value. As the concentration of the solution increases, the initial velocity of increase of scosity and the final value are affected, and the presence of acid or alkali also has a marked effect. With rise of temperature the viscosity more quickly attains its maximum value, but this value is diminished The viscosity of dilute solutions diminishes on keeping. The ps value of Salvarsan is 7-60 of the dihydrochloride, 2-41 of the monohydrochloride, 3-00 of the monosodium salt, 10-88 and of tlie disodium salt, 11 43. The presence of an isoelectric point at ps value about 3 4 is indicated. ... [Pg.376]

The laboratory procedures associated with identification comprise a process known as qualitative analysis. In Part A of this experiment, you will examine 11 household products to determine some specific physical and chemical properties and to establish a qualitative analysis scheme for their identification. The physical properties include characteristics associated with their physical appearance, including color, particle size, and texture, as well as their solubility in water, rubbing alcohol, and hot water. The chemical properties include the manner in which the white solids react chemically with various other chemicals. In Part B, you will have three to five unknown household products (taken from those tested in Part A) and your work will involve using your qualitative analysis scheme to identify them. The flow chart that follows the procedure (Figure 3.6) should be filled out while performing Part A and should help when you perform Part B. [Pg.35]

The much higher activity of Ni-B amorphous alloy powder than that of Ni-P, both prepared by chemical reductions, was observed in the transformations of cyclohexene and the isomerization of ally alcohol. Stepwise heat treatments caused neither an increase of catalytic activity nor a substantial difference in activity between the amorphous and crystallized samples (44). Amorphous Ni-P foil deposited by electrolysis had similar characteristics. These properties are quite different from those of Ni alloys prepared by the rapid quenching moreover, alloys prepared by chemical reduction and electrolysis are active without any special pretreatment. [Pg.366]

Isopropyl alcohol resembles other alcohols in showing the chemical properties characteristic of compounds which contain an alcoholic hydroxyl group. Its oxidation to acetone shows that it is a secondary alcohol, and leads to the conclusion that its structure is represented by the formula (CH3)2CHOH. Isopropyl alcohol boils at 82.1° and has the specific gravity 0.7887... [Pg.92]

It solidifies in a freezing mixture to crystals which melt at 14.5°. The compound possesses the chemical properties which are characteristic of acyl chlorides. It is decomposed slowly by hot water, reacts with alcohols to form esters, and with ammonia and amines to form amides. [Pg.437]

Items (a), (b), and (d) are physical properties they describe characteristics of each substance, and no change in composition occurs. A metal wire has the same composition before and after an electric current has passed through it. Item (c) is a chemical property of sugar. Fermentation of sugars involves the formation of a new substance, alcohol. [Pg.31]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.1223 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.1223 ]




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