Advantages of the Method

The present method for the synthesis of substimted benzimidazoles starting from quinoxalin-2(l/f)-one derivatives has the following characteristics or distinct advantages over the previously used routes (the Phillips-Ladenburg and the Weidenhagen reactions) or their many variations. 

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The parametric method is an established statistical technique used for combining variables containing uncertainties, and has been advocated for use within the oil and gas industry as an alternative to Monte Carlo simulation. The main advantages of the method are its simplicity and its ability to identify the sensitivity of the result to the input variables. This allows a ranking of the variables in terms of their impact on the uncertainty of the result, and hence indicates where effort should be directed to better understand or manage the key variables in order to intervene to mitigate downside and/or take advantage of upside in the outcome. 

The advantage of the method, readily seen from the equation, is that the other products of the reaction are gaseous and escape. Hence equimolar quantities of reactants are used. 

In our experience, another important advantage of the method is that one can use all the available descriptors without taking care over their choice. The method does not require any significant CPU resources, even when applied to a large dataset. 

The advantage of the method just described is that it can be generalized to molecules of any size. Setting up quite complicated secular mahices can be reduced to a simple recipe. A computer scheme can be used to diagonalize the resulting matrices by an iterative series of rotations. 

When an organic compound is heated with a mixture of zinc powder and sodium carbonate, the nitrogen and halogens are converted into sodium cyanide and sodium hahdes respectively, and the sulphur into zinc sulphide (insoluble in water). The sodium cyanide and sodium hahdes are extracted with water and detected as in Lassaigne s method, whilst the zinc sulphide in the residue is decomposed with dilute acid and the hydrogen sulphide is identified with sodium plumbite or lead acetate paper. The test for nitrogen is thus not affected by the presence of sulphur this constitutes an advantage of the method. 

Estimating by cost per joint depends on the accumnlation of past data, analyzed and conveniently correlated for use. The main advantage of the method lies in the fact that good engineering flow sheets can be used for the estimation. 

Numerous attempts have been made to develop hybrid methodologies along these lines. An obvious advantage of the method is its handiness, while its disadvantage is an artifact introduced at the boundary between the solute and solvent. You may obtain agreement between experiments and theory as close as you desire by introducing many adjustable parameters associated with the boundary conditions. However, the more adjustable parameters are introduced, the more the physical significance of the parameter is obscured. 

Today dynamic SIMS is a standard technique for measurement of trace elements in semiconductors, high performance materials, coatings, and minerals. The main advantages of the method are excellent sensitivity (detection limit below 1 pmol mol ) for all elements, the isotopic sensitivity, the inherent possibility of measuring depth profiles, and the capability of fast direct imaging and 3D species distribution. 

The advantage of the method is that measurements can be made in more resistive corrodents (crude oil and concrete) compared with linear polarisation measurements. However, corrosion expertise is required for both operation and interpretation, and most industrial applications, therefore, are provided as a specialised service. 

The digestion of columbite, tantalite and other raw materials containing tantalum and niobium using both hydrofluoric acid and a mixture of hydrofluoric and sulfuric acids is widely applied in the industiy. The main advantage of the method is its simplicity. The method has, nevertheless, several disadvantages that should be noted, as follows. 

The main advantages of the method can be formulated as follows. First, hydrofluoric acid is not needed for the decomposition stage the amount of fluorine required for the raw material decomposition can be calculated and adjusted as closely as possible to the stoichiometry of the interaction. Since the leaching of the fluorinated material is performed with water, a significant fraction of the impurities are precipitated in the form of insoluble compounds that can be separated from the solution, hence the filtrated solution is essentially purified. There is no doubt that solutions prepared in this way can be of consistent concentrations of tantalum and niobium, independent of the initial raw material composition. 

The precipitation of ammonium peroxometalate precursors seems to be very promising for development and implementation in the production of high-purity oxides of tantalum and niobium. The main advantages of the method are as follows ... 

Discussion. This method is based upon the precipitation of lead chlorofluoride, in which the chlorine is determined by Volhard s method, and from this result the fluorine content can be calculated. The advantages of the method are, the precipitate is granular, settles readily, and is easily filtered the factor for conversion to fluorine is low the procedure is carried out at pH 3.6-5.6, so that substances which might be co-predpitated, such as phosphates, sulphates, chromates, and carbonates, do not interfere. Aluminium must be entirely absent, since even very small quantities cause low results a similar effect is produced by boron ( >0.05 g), ammonium (>0.5 g), and sodium or potassium ( > 10g) in the presence of about 0.1 g of fluoride. Iron must be removed, but zinc is without effect. Silica does not vitiate the method, but causes difficulties in filtration. 

The main advantage of the method with correlation factor, based on Eq. III. 128 or Eq. III. 129, lies in the fact that it may be applied to any many-electron system. The practical calculation of the energy integrals involved may be fairly cumbersome, but the approach is nevertheless straightforward. 

We have further attempted to suggest a procedure which would make use of the advantages of the method of competitive reactions, i.e. its simplicity and little time demand, and at the same time would yield separately the absolute values of rate constants and adsorption coefficients also for reactions with a more complicated kinetics. Using the values of relative reactivities S from the method of competitive reactions, the adsorption coefficients, for example, of the alcohols (Kb) in the reesterification reaction described by Eq. (26) can be evaluated from the relation... 

In some cases the use of nitrosylsulfuric acid may be avoided if 1-naphthalenesul-fonic acid is added to moderately concentrated sulfuric acid (20-60%). This greatly reduces the evolution of nitrous fumes compared with a solution of pure sulfuric acid of the same hydrogen ion concentration. It has not yet been investigated whether the phenomenon is due to the formation of an ion pair, [C10H7 —SO NO+], or whether it is simply a solubility effect. In any case, the total acidity range of 4-12 m has thereby become available for diazotization technically crude sulfonation mixtures are used after dilution with water, for example, a solution of total acidity 4 m, of which 2.7 m is due to sulfuric acid. A further advantage of the method lies in the stabilizing effect of the naphthalenesulfonic acid on the diazonium compounds formed (see Sec. 2.3). 

The advantages of the method are that the entire sequence is carried out in the same reaction vessel without isolation or purification of intermediates. The procedure consumes only a few hours, and in most cases the isolated yield of the aromatic hydrocarbon is excellent. 

The Oppenauer Oxidation. When a ketone in the presence of base is used as the oxidizing agent (it is reduced to a secondary alcohol), the reaction is known as the Oppenauer oxidation. This is the reverse of the Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reaction (16-23), and the mechanism is also the reverse. The ketones most commonly used are acetone, butanone, and cyclohexanone. The most common base is aluminum r r/-butoxide. The chief advantage of the method is its high selectivity. Although the method is most often used for the... 

Energy recovery to reduce the amount of waste plastics going to landfill is shown by eco-balance studies to be more environmentally beneficial than recycling, it is reported. Advantages of the method and statistics to show current levels of activity are reported, and also the investment required by a company to operate such a process, and the running costs involved. 

We shall present some examples of particle distributions and how to interpret them in order to show the versatility of the method. As you will see, the method of plotting particle distributions via a log-normal method allows one to interpret particle size in a manner not feasible by other methods. Yet you will find that most particle size specialists do not take advantage of the method. 

The results obtained using a highly quantitative version of this approach are own to be reproducible and in reasonable accord with those of other workers. Advantage of the method include monitoring of the polymer fhK tionation obtained. 

The polarographic method can be used to analyze a large group of solutes qualitatively and quantitatively (even when they are present simultaneously) that can be reduced within the working potential range of the DME. It is an advantage of the method that solutions with low concentrations of the test substances can be analyzed, approximately down to (1 to 5) X lO M. The volume of the solution sample needed for analysis can be as small as 1 mL or less. Hence, one can detect less than 0.01 mg of the substance being examined. The error limits of analysis are 2% when appropriate conditions are maintained. 

The present photoelectrochemical deposition/dissolution method is applicable to reversible control of the particle size. A typical application taking advantage of the method is the multicolor photochromism. Additional applications include surface patterning and photoelectrochemical actuator. The patterning is possible by using a thiol-modified silver... 

B. Scope. The analytes measured and the applicable matrices should be included. The reason why the method is being submitted for regulatory evaluation should be explained. The advantages of the method over existing methodology should be included. 

One of the most reliable direct search methods is the LJ optimization procedure (Luus and Jaakola, 1973). This procedure uses random search points and systematic contraction of the search region. The method is easy to program and handles the problem of multiple optima with high reliability (Wang and Luus, 1977, 1978). A important advantage of the method is its ability to handle multiple nonlinear constraints. 

An advantage of the method is that the envelope of curve A and also curves B and C are free of charging current interference however, x does not represent a direct scale of the transition time t, nor is x automatically protected against interference by a contaminant, if any is present. 

One of the main advantages of the method of EG-AC composite synthesis proposed here is a possibility of using this technique for obtaining the tri-component composites, such as EG-AC-Ti02. Composites between EG and photoactive anatase-type Ti02 are effective buoyant photocatalysts for degradation of water contaminants6,7. Their synthesis is typically a... 

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