Advantages and limits of the method

Much work remains to be done in the development of this approach to explore the advantages and limitations of the method. The method will be extended to force fields that include torsional terms large systems such as biological macromolecules will also be treated. 

The principle of SFG and the components of an SFG spectrometer based on neodymium yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd YAG), titanium sapphire (Ti Sa), or free-electron lasers are described, and the reader is referred to these articles for details (46,116,119,122-124,126,127,137-145). Here, we restrict the discussion to those aspects that are important to understanding the advantages and limitations of the method. 

Psenner, R. and R. Pucsko. 1988. Phosphorus fractionation advantages and limits of the method for the study of sediment P origins and interactions. Arch. Hydrobiol. Beih. Ergebn. Limnol. 30 43-59. 

Sjbstrom and Kowalski C2673 reported an extensive comparison of five pattern recognition methods and several preprocessing methods (mainly taken from the "ARTHUR"-package). Six real data bases previously described in the Literature were investigated and the advantages and limitations of the methods discussed. The authors emphasized that methods which can deal with outliers are desirable in many chemical applications. 

We will explore the two major families of chemometric quantitative calibration techniques that are most commonly employed the Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) techniques, and the Factor-Based Techniques. Within each family, we will review the various methods commonly employed, learn how to develop and test calibrations, and how to use the calibrations to estimate, or predict, the properties of unknown samples. We will consider the advantages and limitations of each method as well as some of the tricks and pitfalls associated with their use. While our emphasis will be on quantitative analysis, we will also touch on how these techniques are used for qualitative analysis, classification, and discriminative analysis. 

Relationships between lipophilicity and retention parameters obtained by RPLC methods using isocratic or gradient condition are reviewed. Advantages and limitations of the two approaches are also pointed out, and general guidelines to determine partition coefficients in 1-octanol-water are proposed. Finally, more recent literature data on Hpophilicity determination by capillary electrophoresis of neutral compounds and neutral forms of ionizable compounds are compiled. Quotation is restricted to key references for every method presented - an exhaustive listing is only given for the last few years. 

A. Brunet, C. Privat, O. Stepien, M. David-Dufilho, J. Devynck, and M.A. Devynck, Advantages and limits of the electrochemical method using Nafion and Ni-porphyrin-coated microelectrode to monitor NO release from cultured vascular cells. Analusis 28, 469 (2000). 

There are five categories of protein assay colorimetric assays, direct absorbance methods, fluorescence methods, amino acid analysis, and custom quantitation methods. A brief summary of the principles, advantages, and limitations of these methods follows. 

The different application methods can be broadly divided into dry and wet processes. In addition many coatings can be applied during composite production, in effect using the compounding procedure to carry out the coating. This method is widely used but is outside the scope of this article. The advantages and limitations of the various coating methods have been discussed elsewhere [49]. 

The determination of solubility for insoluble compounds may be very challenging and time consuming. Recognizing the advantages and limitations of various methods and choosing the proper method(s) or combination of methods for the spacpreformulation requirement is essential to ensure the quality of the data. 

Inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy has been shown to be a useful method for the study of chemisorption and catalysis on model oxide and supported metal catalyst systems. There are in addition a number of proven and potential applications in the fields of lubrication, adhesion (48), electron beam damage (49,50), and electrochemistry for the experimentalist who appreciates the advantages and limitations of the technique. 

It has been shown that energetic ion beams may be utilized to "nondesthuctively" determine the profile of composition vs. depth in a wide variety of near surface situations. The major difficulties and limitations of the method have been delineated with descriptions of alternative methods applicable in difficult cases. The advantages of using these techniques as complementary to other surface analysis methods has also been pointed out. 

The usefulness and limitations of standard testing methods should be understood clearly before a testing program is established. The end user must choose the test geometry, procedure, and methodology that best serve the application. To do this, one needs to understand the differences in the various test methods and the outside parameters that will affect the data. Once the advantages and limitations of the various standard tests are understood, the end user may find it necessary to devise his or her own methods to test specific combinations of loads and environments that are anticipated. 

Numerous standard test methods have been developed by various government, industrial, and university investigators. Many of these have been prepared or adopted under the auspices of the ASTM Committee D 14 on Adhesives or other professional societies. Reference to the appropriate standards will adequately equip one with the background necessary to conduct the test or a version of it. Several of the more common standard tests are described in this section. Numerous variations exist for specific applications or materials. In these descriptions, the emphasis is on understanding of the reasons for the test, its relationship to a specific adhesive property, advantages and limitations of the test, and possible variations or extrapolations of the test method. The detailed description of the test mechanics is kept to a minimum, since they are adequately covered in the existing standards and specifications. 

In spite of the inadequacy of the underlying theory, the BET equation remains the most used of all adsorption isotherm equations. The reasons for this situation and the advantages and limitations of the BET method are discussed in Chapter 6. 

Section 1.2 presents the anatomy of the enzymatic assay, and from a dissection of its components, it is possible to obtain an appreciation of how HPLC can be used. Section 1.3 develops a classification of enzyme methods that allows the advantages and limitations of the HPLC method to be presented fairly. Section 1.4 is devoted to criteria for the selection of HPLC as an assay... 

This section describes the state of the art of fast time-resolved FTIR techniques, together with the advantages and limitations of each method. Sec. 6.6.3 discusses the application of the described techniques to actual problems. 

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