Adhesion bacterial cell

Glycosphingolipids are constituents of the outer leaflet of plasma membranes and are important in cell adhesion and cell recognition. Some are antigens, eg, ABO blood group substances. Certain gangliosides function as receptors for bacterial toxins (eg, for cholera toxin, which subsequently activates adenylyl cyclase). 

THE ROLE OF ADHESION AND BACTERIAL CELL SURFACES IN THE PROMOTION OF PASSIVE SUBSTRATE TRANSFER... 

Ofek, I., and Doyle, R. J. (1994). "Bacterial Adhesion to Cells and Tissues." Chapman Hall, New York, NY. 

Examination of specific carbohydrate-protein interactions can be accomplished with C-glycosides (Scheme 1). A series of C-glucosides and C-mannosides, such as 1, were employed to study the binding differences between mannose and glucose specific lectins (9). C-Mannoside derivatives (3-5) were synthesized from C-allyl derivative 2 and used to block cell-surface lectins thereby inhibiting bacterial adhesion (JO). The primary amine of 4 was functionalized with biotin to target proteins to the bacterial cell surface. 

A particularly well studied example of functional amyloid is provided by Curli assembly (53). Curli amyloids are assembled by bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella. Once assembled on the extracellular surface, Curli amyloid fibers function as natural ceU adhesion molecules that link together bacterial cells into robust cellular networks of biofilms. Other examples of functional amyloids include the silk fibers observed commonly in spider webs the Chorion proteins of egg shells Factor XII, which is an activator of the hemostatic system and other naturally produced adhesives and materials (54). 

Interest in the adhesion of dosage forms to epithelial surfaces has heen aroused hy the possihility of deliberate contact between oral dosage forms and the gut wall to retard the rate of transit down the gastrointestinal tract, but also by the possibility of dosage forms accidentally adhering to the oesophagus or other epithelial surfaces. Adhesive preparations have been formulated for diverse tasks such as the topical treatment of stomatitis and the administration of insulin. The adhesive nature of transdermal patches is important, as is the adhesion of film coats to tablet surfaces. Adhesion of erythrocytes and bacterial cells to polymer surfaces is also of importance in the understanding, respectively, of blood compatibility of polymers and bacterial infection mediated by catheters. 

Studies were carried out on the antibacterial activity of insoluble pyridinium-type polymers with different stractures against Escherichia coh snspended in sterilised and distilled water nsing a colony connt method. The results reveal that the antibacterial activity of insoluble pyridinium-type polymers, except for one containing 1-, is characterised by an ability to capture bacterial cells in a living state by adsorption or adhesion, with the process of capturing bacterial cells being at least partially irreversible. This featnre differs from the antibacterial activity of the corresponding soluble polymers, which is characterised by the ability to kill bacterial cells in water. Also, insoluble pyridinium-type polymers can captme dead bacterial cells. The implication is that insoluble pyridinium-type polymers possess broad prospects for development in new water treatment techniques and whole-cell immobilisation techniques. 28 refs. 

Factors that might influence adhesion properties include the number of fimbriae per cell, the number of fimbriae that are functional for receptor binding, the fraction of cells that are fimbriated, the length and the flexibility of fimbriae, and the ability of fimbriae to deform under the influence of mechanical force. For example, it is up to date not known to what extent variant residues in the FimH receptor-binding domain affect assembly and thus the number of fimbriae on the bacterial cell envelope of bacteria expressing mutant FimH receptor-binding domains. The receptor-binding domain is necessary to initiate pilus assembly by interactions between... 

---